Wahai Rasul! Kenapa engkau mengharamkan apa yang dibolehkan oleh Allah untukmu seperti bersenang-senang dengan budak wanitamu, yaitu Mariyah? Dengan itu kamu ingin mencari kerelaan istri-istrimu karena mereka cemburu padanya. Allah Maha Pengampun dan Maha Penyayang kepadamu.
1- Ey Peygamber! Hanımlarını hoşnut etmek için Allah’ın sana helâl kıldığı şeyi niçin kendine haram edersin? Allah çok bağışlayıcıdır, pek merhametlidir.
2- Allah (gerektiğinde) yeminlerinizi bozmayı size meşru kılmıştır. Allah mevlânızdır. O, Alimdir, Hakîmdir.
3- Hani Peygamber, eşlerinden birine (Hafsa’ya) gizli bir söz söylemişti de o eşi de bu sözü (Aişe’ye) bildirmişti. Allah, Peygamber’i bu (ikisi arasında geçen konuşmadan) haberdar edince o, bu konuşmanın bir kısmını (Hafsa’ya) bildirmiş, bir kısmından da vazgeçip söylememişti. Peygamber, bu durumu eşine haber verince o:“Bunu sana kim haber verdi?” dedi. O da:“Her şeyi bilen ve her şeyden haberdar olan bana haber verdi” dedi.
4- Eğer ikiniz de Allah’a tevbe ederseniz (ne âlâ); çünkü kalpleriniz sapmıştır. Şâyet onun aleyhine birbirinize yardım ederseniz (bilin ki) onun dost ve yardımcısı Allah'tır, Cebraildir ve salih mü’minlerdir. Ayrıca melekler de onun yardımcısıdır.
5- (Ey Peygamberin eşleri!) Eğer o, sizi boşarsa Rabbi, sizin yerinize ona sizden daha hayırlı olan, müslüman, mümin, itaatkar, tevbe eden, çokça ibadet eden, oruç tutan, dul ve bakire eşler verir.
(Medine’de inmiştir. 12 âyettir)
Rahmân ve Rahîm Allah’ın adı ile.
1. Bu buyruklar, Yüce Allah'tan peygamberi Muhammed sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’e yönelik bir azar/sitemdir. Çünkü o, malum bir olay dolayısı ile eşlerinden birisinin gönlünü hoş etmek kastı ile cariyesi Mâriye’yi yahut da bal şerbeti içmeyi kendisine haram kılmıştı. Bunun üzerine Yüce Allah da bu âyetleri indirdi:“Ey Peygamber!”Ey Allah’ın kendisine peygamberlik, risâlet ve vahiy nimetini verdiği kişi!“Hanımlarını hoşnut etmek için Allah’ın sana helâl kıldığı şeyi niçin kendine haram edersin?” Allah’ın sana ve ümmetine nimet olarak ihsan ettiği hoş ve temiz şeyleri bu şekilde haram kılmak sureti ile zevcelerinin hoşnutluğunu gözetme yoluna niye gidersin? “Allah çok bağışlayıcıdır, pek merhametlidir.” Bu buyruk, Yüce Allah’ın Rasûlü’nü bağışlamış olduğunu, kınamayı ondan kaldırdığını ve ona merhamet eylediğini açıkça göstermektedir. Ondan sadır olan bu haram kılma da bütün ümmet için genel bir hükmün konmasına vesile olmuştur. Zira Yüce Allah şöyle buyurmaktadır:
2. “Allah (gerektiğinde) yeminlerinizi bozmayı size meşru kılmıştır.” Bu, bütün mü’minlerin yeminleri hakkında geçerlidir. Yani Yüce Allah, sizlere yemininizi bozmadan önce ondan nasıl döneceğinizi ve yemininizi bozduktan sonra da nasıl keffârette bulunacağınızı belirleyip hükme bağlamıştır.
Bu da Yüce Allah’ın şu buyruğunda gösterdiği şekilde olur:“Ey iman edenler! Allah’ın size helâl kıldığı hoş ve temiz şeyleri haram kılmayın ve haddi aşmayın. Çünkü Allah haddi aşanları sevmez... Bu (yeminin) kefâreti, ailenize yedirdiğinizin orta yollusundan on fakiri doyurmak veya onları giydirmek yahut bir köle azat etmektir. Fakat kim bulamaz ise üç gün oruç tutsun. İşte yemin ettiğiniz takdirde (ondan dönecek olursanız) yeminlerinizin keffareti budur.”(el-Mâide, 5/87-89)Buna göre ister yiyecek, ister içecek, ister cariye gibi Allah’ın helâl kıldığı bir şeyi kendisine haram kılan yahut da bir işi yapma veya terk etme konusunda Allah adına yemin eden bir kimse daha sonra yemini bozarsa veya bozmak isterse burada sözü geçen keffâreti yerine getirmelidir.
"Allah mevlânızdır.” Yani işlerinizi idare eden, din ve dünya ile ilgili hususlarda sizden kötülükleri giderecek şekilde en güzel yolla sizi görüp gözeten O’dur. Bundan dolayı O, sorumluluktan kurtulabilmeniz için gerektiğinde yeminlerinizden dönmeyi size meşru kılmış ve yolunu belirlemiştir.“O Alimdir” O’nun ilmi, sizin içinizde sakladıklarınızı da dışa vurduğunuzu da kuşatır. “Hakîmdir.” O, yarattıkları hakkında verdiği bütün hükümlerde hikmeti sonsuz olandır. Bundan dolayı maslahatlarınıza uygun, hallerinize münasip olduğunu bildiği hükümleri sizin için teşrî’ buyurmuştur.
3. “Hani Peygamber eşlerinden birine gizli bir söz söylemişti...” Müfessirlerin çoğuna göre bu, mü’minlerin annesi Hafsa radıyallahu anha’dır. Peygamber ona gizlice bir söz söylemiş ve bu sözü kimseye bildirmemesini istemişti. O da bunu Aişe radıyallahu anha’ya anlatmıştı. Allah da onun Aişe’ye açtığı bu haberi Peygamber sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’e bildirmiş, Peygamber de Hafsa radıyallahu anha’ya söylediklerinin bir bölümünü aktarmış, müsamahakârlığı ve lütfu dolayısı ile de onun söylediklerinin bir bölümünü de ona bildirmemişti. Hafsa radıyallahu anha ona:“Bunu” yani bizden başkasının duymadığı bu haberi “sana kim haber verdi? dedi. O da: Her şeyi bilen” gizliyi ve açığı bilip hiçbir şey kendisine gizli saklı kalmayan “ve her şeyden haberdar olan bana haber verdi, dedi.”
4. “Eğer ikiniz de Allah’a tevbe ederseniz (ne âlâ)” Burada hitap, Peygamber efendimizin şerefli iki zevcesi Hafsa ile Aişe radıyallahu anhuma’yadır. İkisi de Peygamber sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’in, sevdiği bir şeyi kendisine haram kılmasına sebep olmuşlardır.
Allah bundan dolayı onlara tevbe etmelerini tavsiye etmekte ve bu sebeple onları azarlamaktadır. Kalplerinin de kendilerine yakışan halden sapmış olduğunu onlara bildirmektedir. Onlara yakışan hal, takvalı olmak, Rasûlullah sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’e saygı göstermek, ona karşı edepli davranmak ve hoşnut olmayacağı işlerden uzak durmaktır.
"Şâyet onun aleyhine birbirinize yardım ederseniz” ona ağır gelen hususlar üzerinde birbirinizle yardımlaşır ve bu haliniz devam ederse “(bilin ki) onun dost ve yardımcısı Allah'tır, Cebraildir ve salih mü’minlerdir. Ayrıca melekler de onun yardımcısıdır.” Yani bunların hepsi, Allah Rasûlünün yardımcılarıdır, ona destek verenlerdir. Bunların yardımını alan bir kimse ise şüphesiz zafere ulaşır. Ona karşı çıkanlar, kim olursa olsun yardıma mazhar olmazlar, yenik düşerler.
İşte bu gerçek, peygamberlerin efendisi için büyük bir fazilet ve şereftir. Çünkü Yüce Allah, hem kendi kerim zatını hem de yarattıklarının ne seçkinlerini bu şerefli Rasûle yardımcı kılmıştır.
Yine bu buyrukta -açıkça da anlaşıldığı üzere- o şerefli iki hanım, tutumlarını sürdürmekten sakındırılmaktadırlar.
5. Yüce Allah, kadınlara çok ağır ve çok zor gelen bir hal ile yani boşanma ile onları uyararak şöyle buyurmaktadır:“Eğer o, sizi boşarsa Rabbi, sizin yerinize ona sizden daha hayırlı… eşler verir.”Yani ona karşı üstünlük taslamaya kalkışmayın. Çünkü o, sizi boşayacak olursa herhangi bir darlık ile karşılaşmaz, size mecbur da değildir. O, hem dinleri hem güzellikleri itibari ile sizden daha hayırlılarını bulabilir ve Allah, sizin yerinize ona daha hayırlı eşler verebilir.
Bu ifade, var olmayan ve var olması da gerekmeyen bir şarta bağlı olan ifadeler kabilindendir. Zira Peygamber onları boşamamıştır. Ama boşayacak olsa idi Yüce Allah’ın sözünü ettiği şekilde bu tür faziletlere sahip eşleri olurdu.
"müslüman, mümin” Yani hem dinin açık şer’î hükümlerini yerine getirmek anlamına gelen İslâm, hem de dinin akaid ve kalbî amelleri gibi gizli şer’î hükümlerini yerine getirmek demek olan iman vasfına sahip olan eşler;“İtaatkar” sürekli itaatte bulunan, “tevbe eden” Allah’ın hoşlanmadığı şeylerden dönen, yani hem Allah’ın sevdiği şeyleri yerine getirme hem de Allah’ın hoşlanmadığı şeylerden tevbe etmek sıfatına sahip olanlar; “çokça ibadet eden, oruç tutan, dul ve bakire” yani bir kısmı dul, bir kısmı bakire olan ki böylelikle Peygamber istediği şekilde eşlere sahip olur.
Onlar -Allah hepsinden razı olsun- bu uyarı ve tehdidi işitince Rasûlullah sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’i razı etmeye yöneldiler ve bu hususta ellerini çabuk tuttular. Böylelikle bu vasıflara sahip olmuş ve mü’min hanımlarının en faziletlileri olmuşlardır. Bu da Allah'ın, Rasulü için ancak en mükemmel ve en üstün olan şeyleri tercih ettiğine delildir. Allah, Rasulü için zikri geçen eşlerin onun yanında kalmasına razı olduğuna göre bu, onların kadınların en hayırlıları ve en üstünleri olduğuna delildir.
Này hỡi Thiên Sứ, sao Ngươi lại tự cấm bản thân Ngươi dùng những gì được Allah cho phép vì muốn làm vừa lòng các bà vợ của Ngươi, chỉ vì lòng ghen tuông của Mariyah? Và Allah sẽ tha thứ cho Ngươi và yêu thương Ngươi.
O Messenger! Why do you make impermissible that which Allah has made permissible for you, i.e. making use of your servant girl Mariah, wanting to please your wives in doing so after they expressed protective jealousy over her? Allah is Forgiving towards you and is Merciful to you.
O Sugo, bakit ka nagbabawal ng pinayagan ni Allāh para sa iyo na pagtatamasa sa babaing alipin mong si Maria, na naghahangad dahil doon ng pagpapalugod sa mga maybahay mo noong nanibugho sila sa kanya? Si Allāh ay Mapagpatawad sa iyo, Maawain sa iyo!
O Messaggero, perché ti proibisci ciò che Allāh ti ha permesso, ovvero di godere della tua schiava Maria, desiderando compiacere le tue mogli, poiché erano gelose di lei, mentre Allāh ti perdona, Misericordioso nei tuoi confronti?!
"Hai Nabi, mengapa kamu mengharamkan apa yang Allah halalkan bagimu; kamu mencari kesenangan hati istri-istrimu. Dan Allah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang. Sungguh Allah telah mewajibkan kamu sekalian membebaskan diri dari sumpahmu; dan Allah adalah Pelindungmu dan Dia Maha Mengetahui lagi Mahabijaksana. Dan ingatlah ketika Nabi membicarakan secara rahasia kepada salah seorang dari istri-istrinya (Hafshah) suatu peristiwa. Maka tatkala (Hafshah) menceritakan peristiwa itu (kepada Aisyah), dan Allah memberitahukan hal itu (semua pem-bicaraan antara Hafshah dengan Aisyah) kepada Muhammad lalu Muhammad memberitahukan sebagian (yang diberitakan Allah kepadanya) dan menyembunyikan sebagian yang lain (kepada Hafshah). Maka tatkala (Muhammad) memberitahukan pembica-raan (antara Hafshah dan Aisyah) lalu Hafshah bertanya, 'Siapa-kah yang memberitahukan hal ini kepadamu?' Nabi menjawab, 'Telah diberitahukan kepadaku oleh Allah Yang Maha Mengetahui lagi Maha Mengenal.' Jika kamu berdua bertaubat kepada Allah, maka sesungguhnya hati kamu berdua telah condong (untuk mene-rima kebaikan); dan jika kamu berdua bantu-membantu menyusah-kan Nabi, maka sesungguhnya Allah adalah Pelindungnya dan (begitu pula) Jibril dan orang-orang Mukmin yang baik; dan selain dari itu malaikat-malaikat lain adalah penolongnya pula. Jika Nabi menceraikan kamu, boleh jadi Rabbnya akan memberi ganti kepa-danya dengan istri-istri yang lebih baik daripada kamu, yang patuh, yang beriman, yang taat, yang bertaubat, yang mengerjakan ibadah, yang berpuasa, yang janda dan yang perawan." (At-Tahrim: 1-5).
Madaniyah
"Dengan Menyebut Nama Allah Yang Maha Pengasih Lagi Maha Penyayang."
(1) Ini merupakan teguran Allah سبحانه وتعالى untuk Nabi Muhammad a ketika mengharamkan Mariyah atau meminum madu atas diri-nya demi menjaga perasaan sebagian istrinya dalam kisah yang masyhur.[122] Kemudian Allah سبحانه وتعالى menurunkan ayat-ayat ini. ﴾ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ ﴿ "Hai Nabi," maksudnya, wahai Nabi yang diberi karunia oleh Allah سبحانه وتعالى berupa kenabian, kerasulan, dan wahyu, ﴾ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَآ أَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ لَكَۖ ﴿ "me-ngapa kamu mengharamkan apa yang Allah halalkan bagimu." Yakni, mengapa engkau mengharamkan kebaikan-kebaikan yang diberi-kan Allah سبحانه وتعالى padamu dan umatmu. ﴾ تَبۡتَغِي ﴿ "Kamu mencari," dengan pengharaman itu ﴾ مَرۡضَاتَ أَزۡوَٰجِكَۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ﴿ "kesenangan hati istri-istrimu. Dan Allah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang." Ini adalah pene-gasan bahwa Allah سبحانه وتعالى mengampuni RasulNya, menghapus teguran, dan menyayangi beliau.
(2) Pengharaman yang bersumber dari Nabi Muhammad a itu menjadi sebab disyariatkannya hukum secara umum untuk seluruh umat, kemudian Allah سبحانه وتعالى berfirman, ﴾ قَدۡ فَرَضَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ تَحِلَّةَ أَيۡمَٰنِكُمۡۚ ﴿ "Sungguh Allah telah mewajibkan kamu sekalian membebaskan diri dari sumpahmu," dan ini berlaku pada sumpah kaum Mukminin secara umum. Maksudnya, Allah سبحانه وتعالى mensyariatkan dan menentukan ke-tetapan yang bisa menghapus sumpah kalian sebelum dilanggar serta tebusan yang harus ditunaikan apabila sumpah itu dilanggar. Ini semakna dengan Firman Allah سبحانه وتعالى,
﴾ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تُحَرِّمُواْ طَيِّبَٰتِ مَآ أَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ وَلَا تَعۡتَدُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُعۡتَدِينَ 87 وَكُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗاۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَنتُم بِهِۦ مُؤۡمِنُونَ 88 لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِٱللَّغۡوِ فِيٓ أَيۡمَٰنِكُمۡ وَلَٰكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا عَقَّدتُّمُ ٱلۡأَيۡمَٰنَۖ فَكَفَّٰرَتُهُۥٓ إِطۡعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَٰكِينَ مِنۡ أَوۡسَطِ مَا تُطۡعِمُونَ أَهۡلِيكُمۡ أَوۡ كِسۡوَتُهُمۡ أَوۡ تَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖۖ فَمَن لَّمۡ يَجِدۡ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَٰثَةِ أَيَّامٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ كَفَّٰرَةُ إِذَا حَلَفۡتُمۡۚ ﴿
"Hai orang-orang yang beriman, janganlah kamu haramkan apa-apa yang baik yang telah Allah halalkan bagi kamu, dan janganlah kamu melampaui batas. Sesungguhnya Allah tidak menyukai orang-orang yang melampaui batas. Dan makanlah makanan yang halal lagi baik dari apa yang Allah telah rizkikan kepadamu, dan bertakwalah kepada Allah yang kamu beriman kepadaNya. Allah tidak menghukum kamu disebabkan sumpah-sumpahmu yang tidak dimaksud (untuk bersumpah), tetapi Dia menghukum kamu disebabkan sumpah-sumpah yang kamu sengaja, maka kaffarat (melanggar) sumpah itu, ialah memberi makan sepuluh orang miskin, yaitu dari makanan yang biasa kamu berikan kepada keluargamu, atau memberi pakaian kepada mereka atau memerdekakan seorang budak. Barangsiapa tidak sanggup melakukan yang demikian, maka kaffaratnya adalah puasa selama tiga hari. Yang demikian itu adalah kaffarat sumpah-sumpahmu bila kamu bersumpah (dan kamu langgar)." (Al-Ma`idah: 87-89).
Setiap orang yang mengharamkan sesuatu yang halal, baik berupa makanan, minuman ataupun sahaya wanita maupun ber-sumpah atas nama Allah سبحانه وتعالى untuk melakukan sesuatu atau tidak melakukan sesuatu kemudian dilanggar, maka harus membayar kaffarat seperti tersebut di atas.
Firman Allah سبحانه وتعالى, ﴾ وَٱللَّهُ مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡۖ ﴿ "Dan Allah adalah Pelindungmu," yakni yang melindungi segala urusanmu dan mendidikmu dengan baik dalam urusan Agama dan duniamu serta segala sesuatu yang bisa menghindarkanmu dari keburukan. Karena itu Allah سبحانه وتعالى mewa-jibkanmu untuk melepaskan dirimu dari sumpah itu agar tanggung jawabmu menjadi bebas. ﴾ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ﴿ "Dan Dia Maha Mengetahui lagi Mahabijaksana." IlmuNya meliputi lahir dan batinmu. Dia Maha-bijaksana terhadap seluruh makhluk dan menguasainya. Karena itu Dia mensyariatkan hukum-hukum yang Dia ketahui sesuai dengan kemaslahatan dan kondisi kalian.
(3) Allah سبحانه وتعالى berfirman, ﴾ وَإِذۡ أَسَرَّ ٱلنَّبِيُّ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضِ أَزۡوَٰجِهِۦ حَدِيثٗا ﴿ "Dan ingat-lah ketika Nabi membicarakan secara rahasia kepada salah seorang dari istri-istrinya suatu peristiwa." Kebanyakan ahli tafsir menyatakan bahwa istri yang dimaksud adalah Hafshah, Ummul Mukminin i. Rasulullah a membisikkan suatu rahasia padanya dan diperintah-kan agar tidak diberitahukan pada siapa pun. Ternyata Hafshah menceritakan rahasia itu kepada Aisyah i dan Allah سبحانه وتعالى memberi-tahukan hal itu kepada Rasulullah a. Kemudian Rasulullah a memberitahukan pada Hafshah sebagian yang dikatakannya dan menyembunyikan sebagian lainnya, karena sifat mulia dan kesa-baran Rasulullah a. Hafshah bertanya, ﴾ مَنۡ أَنۢبَأَكَ هَٰذَاۖ ﴿ "Siapakah yang memberitahukan hal ini kepadamu," yakni kabar yang tidak kami sebarkan itu? ﴾ قَالَ نَبَّأَنِيَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡخَبِيرُ ﴿ "Nabi menjawab, 'Telah diberitahukan kepadaku oleh Allah Yang Maha Mengetahui lagi Maha Mengenal'." Yang tidak ada sesuatu pun yang samar bagiNya. Dia mengetahui yang rahasia dan yang samar.
(4) Allah سبحانه وتعالى berfirman, ﴾ إِن تَتُوبَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ صَغَتۡ قُلُوبُكُمَاۖ ﴿ "Jika kamu berdua bertaubat kepada Allah, maka sesungguhnya hati kamu berdua telah condong (untuk menerima kebaikan)," pembicaraan ini diarahkan pada kedua istri mulia Rasulullah a, Hafshah dan Aisyah p, yang menjadi sebab Rasulullah a mengharamkan dirinya dari sesuatu yang dia senangi. Allah سبحانه وتعالى menawarkan taubat untuk keduanya serta menegur keduanya atas peristiwa itu seraya memberitahukan pada keduanya bahwa hati keduanya telah condong pada sikap yang seharusnya mereka lakukan, yaitu menjaga diri, sopan dan menghormati Rasulullah a serta agar tidak membebani Rasulullah a.
﴾ وَإِن تَظَٰهَرَا عَلَيۡهِ ﴿ "Dan jika kamu berdua bantu-membantu menyusah-kan Nabi," maksudnya, saling bahu-membahu untuk membebani Rasulullah a dan hal ini terus kalian berdua lakukan, ﴾ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ مَوۡلَىٰهُ وَجِبۡرِيلُ وَصَٰلِحُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۖ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ ﴿ "maka sesungguhnya Allah adalah Pelindungnya dan (begitu pula) Jibril dan orang-orang Mukmin yang baik, dan selain itu malaikat-malaikat lain adalah penolongnya pula." Maksudnya, semuanya adalah penolong yang akan membelanya. Siapa saja yang memiliki penolong seperti mereka itu, maka dialah yang mendapatkan pertolongan dan kemenangan, sedangkan yang lain meski memusuhinya tetap akan kalah. Hal ini menunjukkan keutamaan dan kemuliaan Rasulullah a, pemimpin para rasul, karena Allah Yang Maha Pencipta menjadikan DiriNya dan makh-luk-makhlukNya yang istimewa menjadi penolong Rasulullah a. Dalam hal ini juga terdapat peringatan yang jelas untuk kedua istri mulia tersebut.
(5) Kemudian Allah سبحانه وتعالى mengancam keduanya dengan se-suatu yang amat memberatkan bagi para istri yaitu talak yang me-rupakan hal terbesar bagi mereka seraya berfirman, ﴾ عَسَىٰ رَبُّهُۥٓ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبۡدِلَهُۥٓ أَزۡوَٰجًا خَيۡرٗا مِّنكُنَّ ﴿ "Jika Nabi menceraikan kamu, boleh jadi Rabbnya akan memberi ganti kepadanya dengan istri-istri yang lebih baik daripada kamu." Maksudnya, janganlah kalian menyusahkan Nabi a, sebab andai dia menceraikan kalian, hal itu tidak akan membuatnya susah dan dia tidak melakukan tindakan yang membahayakan kalian. Karena Allah سبحانه وتعالى akan memberinya ganti istri-istri yang lebih baik dari kalian dari segi agama dan kecantikan. Hal ini dikaitkan de-ngan sesuatu, yang jika sesuatu itu tidak ada atau tidak terjadi, maka hal tersebut tidak berlaku. Maksudnya, Rasulullah a tidak menceraikan keduanya, sebab andai keduanya dicerai, tentu Allah سبحانه وتعالى tidak menyebutkan sifat-sifat baik kedua istri tersebut yang me-madukan antara Islam dengan menunaikan syariat-syariat yang zahir, keimanan dengan menunaikan syariat-syariat batin seperti akidah-akidah dan amalan hati dan senantiasa taat. ﴾ تَٰٓئِبَٰتٍ ﴿ "Yang bertaubat," dari segala sesuatu yang tidak disenangi Allah سبحانه وتعالى. Kedua istri mulia Rasulullah a tersebut disifati sebagai sosok yang menu-naikan amalan yang disukai Allah سبحانه وتعالى dan bertaubat dari amalan yang tidak disukai Allah سبحانه وتعالى. ﴾ ثَيِّبَٰتٖ وَأَبۡكَارٗا ﴿ "Yang janda dan yang pera-wan." Maksudnya, ada yang janda dan ada yang perawan, agar Rasulullah a bisa memilih apa pun yang beliau senangi.
Ketika keduanya mendengar ancaman dan didikan ini, mereka langsung melakukan amalan yang membuat Rasulullah a ridha. Sifat tersebut di atas cocok dan berlaku pada kedua istri mulia Rasulullah a ini sehingga mereka berdua adalah wanita-wanita Mukmin terbaik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Allah سبحانه وتعالى selalu me-milihkan kondisi dan keputusan terbaik bagi Rasulullah a. Karena Allah سبحانه وتعالى memilihkan untuk Rasulullah a agar tetap mempertahan-kan istri-istrinya, hal itu menunjukkan bahwa mereka adalah istri-istri paling baik dan paling sempurna.
O Poslaniče, zašto sebi zabranjuješ ono što ti je Allah dozvolio, tj. da uživaš sa svojom robinjom Marijom, kako bi zadovoljio svoje žene koje su ljubomorne na nju. Allah je tebi oprostio i milostiv je prema tebi.
Commentary
Cause of Revelation
It is recorded in Sahih of Bukhari and in other collection of Ahadith, on the authority of Sayyidah ` A'ishah ؓ that it was a daily practice of the Messenger of Allah to visit each of his wives after ` asr prayer for a short time inquiring about their welfare. Once he visited Sayyidah Zainab ؓ and spent more time with her than normal and had some honey offered by her. Sayyidah ` A'ishah ؓ says: "I developed some envy and in consultation with Hafsah ؓ decided that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would visit any one of us, she should say to him 'you have had Maghafir', (a herb that resembled gum with a slightly unpleasant smell.) "1 They executed their plan. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "I have not had any Maghafir. I only had some honey." The Holy wife said: "It is possible that the honeybee might have sat on the Maghafir shrub and drank its nectar. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ، because of his natural dislike for unpleasant odour, swore and promised not to take honey any more. However, he did not want the feelings of Sayyidah Zainab ؓ to be hurt, and therefore he said to his wife that the incident should be kept secret and should not be recounted to anyone else. But she told about it to another wife.
[ 1] It should be noted here that these words were spoken by them in an interrogative accent, and therefore it was not a false statement. (Muhammad Taqi Usmani).
Some reports say that it was at the house of Sayyidah Hafsah that he was served with honey, and that the wives who planned were Sayyidah ` A'ishah, Saudah and Safiyyah ؓ . Other reports recount the incident in other ways. It is possible that many incidents of similar nature might have taken place and these verses were revealed after them. [ Bayan-ul-Qur’ an ].
In brief, these verses tell us that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ banned a lawful thing [ honey ] on himself by swearing an oath. If such an act is done for a genuine need or expedience, [ maslahah ], it is permissible; it is not a sin. But the incident does not show that there was no such need for him to have the trouble of baning a lawful thing on himself. He had done this for the pleasure of his holy wives. In such circumstances, it was not necessary for him to have pleased them. Therefore, the verse, compassionately addresses the Holy Prophet ا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّـهُ لَكَ ۖ تَبْتَغِي مَرْضَاتَ أَزْوَاجِكَ ۚ وَاللَّـهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( O Prophet, why do you ban (on yourself) something that Allah has made lawful for you, seeking the pleasure of 'your wives? And Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very Merciful... 66:1) According to the principles of general stylistics, the Qur'an does not address the Holy Prophet' by his name but by his Prophetic title thus: '0 Prophet' which is his special honour. Although this is a loving question posed by way of compassion, it could have created the misunderstanding that he has committed a major error and he is being questioned about it. The concluding phrase allays this suspicion: وَاللَّـهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ; meaning that even if it would have been a sin (for the sake of argument), then 'Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very Merciful.'
Ruling
There are three ways in which one can prohibit a 'lawful thing' for himself, the details of which were given under verse [ 87] of Surah Al-Ma` idah in Ma’ ariful Qur'an Vol.3/pp239-241. يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُحَرِّمُوا طَيِّبَاتِ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّـهُ لَكُمْ '0 those who believe, do not make unlawful good things that Allah has made lawful for you__[ 5:87] The three ways may be summarised here thus: [ 1] If someone holds a lawful thing as unlawful as part of his religious belief, it is kufr and an enormous sin. [ 2] If he does not believe it as unlawful in religion, but bans something on himself by swearing an oath without any need to do so, it is a sinful act, and it is necessary for him to break the oath and expiate, which will be discussed later. However, If this is done for some need or advantage, it is permissible but undesirable. [ 3] If someone neither believes a lawful thing to be unlawful, nor swears an oath to ban it on himself, but makes a resolve in his/her mind to abandon the lawful thing for ever. If this resolution for permanent abandonment is with the intention of reward, it would be an innovation (bid'ah) in the established religion and monasticism which is a reproachable sin. If such a restriction is not with the intention of reward, but rather for some other reason, such as for treatment of a physical ailment or spiritual malady, it is absolutely permissible. Reports about some noble Sufis who abandoned some lawful things fall under this last category.
In this incident, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ swore an oath to abstain from honey. After the revelation of the verse, he broke the oath and expiated for it. As reported in Ad-Durr-ul-Manthur, he emancipated a slave in payment of his expiation. [ Bayan-ul-Qur’ an ]
¡Mensajero! ¿Por qué te prohíbes lo que Al-lah te ha hecho lícito, queriendo complacer a tus esposas cuando expresan celos? Al‑lah es el Absolvedor y es Misericordioso contigo.
Which was revealed in Al-Madinah
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Allah censures His Prophet for Prohibiting Himself from what He has allowed for Him In the Book
Al-Bukhari recorded that `Ubayd bin `Umayr said that he heard `A'ishah claiming that Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to stay for a period in the house of Zaynab bint Jahsh and drink honey in her house. (She said) "Hafsah and I decided that when the Prophet entered upon either of us, we would say, `I smell Maghafir on you. Have you eaten Maghafir' When he entered upon one of us, she said that to him. He replied (to her),
«لَا، بَلْ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ وَلَنْ أَعُودَ لَه»
(No, but I drank honey in the house of Zaynab bint Jahsh, and I will never drink it again.)" Then the following was revealed;
يأَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَآ أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ
(O Prophet! Why do you fobid that which Allah has allowed to you) up to,
إِن تَتُوبَآ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا
(If you both turn in repentance to Allah, your hearts are indeed so inclined;) in reference to `A'ishah and Hafsah.
وَإِذَ أَسَرَّ النَّبِىُّ إِلَى بَعْضِ أَزْوَجِهِ حَدِيثاً
(And (remember) when the Prophet disclosed a matter in confidence to one of his wives,) which refers to this saying,
«بَلْ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا»
(But I have drunk honey.) Ibrahim bin Musa said that Hisham said that it also meant his saying,
«وَلَنْ أَعُودَ لَهُ وَقَدْ حَلَفْتُ فَلَا تُخْبِرِي بِذَلِكِ أَحَدًا»
(I will not drink it anymore, I have taken an oath to that. Therefore, do not inform anybody about it.) Al-Bukhari also recorded this Hadith in the Book of Divorce; then he said, "Al-Maghafir is a type of sap, and in Ar-Rimth (a type of citrus) its taste is sweet..." Al-Jawhari said, "The `Urfut is a tree of the shrub variety, which secretes Maghfur." Muslim collected this Hadith from `A'ishah in the Book of Divorce in his Sahih, and his wording is the same as Al-Bukhari in the Book of Vows. In the Book of Divorce, Al-Bukhari recorded that `A'ishah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ liked sweets and honey. After performing the `Asr prayer, he used to visit his wives, going close to them. So he went to Hafsah, daughter of `Umar, and stayed with her more than his usual stay. I (`A'ishah) became jealous and asked about that. It was said to me, `A woman of her family sent her a small vessel of honey as a gift, and she gave a drink to Allah's Messenger ﷺ made from it.' I said, `By Allah, we will contrive a plot against him.' I said to Sawdah bint Zam`ah, `When the Messenger visits you and draws close to you, say to him, `Have you eaten Maghafir' And when he says to you, `No', then ask him, `What is this odor' He will say to you, `Hafsah has given me a drink of honey.' Then you should say to him, `The honeybees might have eaten from Urfut, and I will also say the same to him. Safiyyah, you should also say this.' Sawdah later said, `It was under compulsion that I had decided to state that which you told me; soon, by Allah, he was standing at my door.' So when Allah's Messenger ﷺ came near her, she said, `O Messenger of Allah! Did you eat Maghafir' He said, `No.' She again said, `Then what is this odor' He said,
«سَقَتْنِي حَفْصَةُ شَرْبَةَ عَسَل»
(Hafsah gave me honey to drink.) She said, `The honeybees might have eaten from `Urfut.')" `A'ishah continued, "When he came to me I said the same to him. He then visited Safiyyah and she also said similar to him. When he again visited Hafsah, she said, `O Messenger of Allah, should I not give you that (drink)' He said,
«لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيه»
(I do not need it.) Sawdah said, `By Allah! We have prevented him from drinking honey.' I said to her, `Keep quiet!"' Muslim also recorded this Hadith, but this wording is from Al-Bukhari. In the narration of Muslim, `A'ishah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to hate to have a bad odor coming from him" This is why they suggested to him that he ate Maghafir, because it causes a bad odor. When he said,
«بَلْ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا»
(No, I had some honey.) They said that the bees ate from a tree that is called Al-`Urfut, which has Maghafir gum, suggesting that this is the reason behind the bad odor they claimed was coming from him. The latter narration, collected through `Urwah from `A'ishah, mentions that it was Hafsah who gave the Prophet the honey. In another narration collected from `Ubayd bin `Umayr, from `A'ishah, it was Zaynab bint Jahsh who gave the honey to the Prophet , while `A'ishah and Hafsah were the plotters. Allah knows best. Some might say that they were two separate incidents. However, it is not likely that the Ayat were revealed about both incidents, if indeed they were two separate incidents. Allah knows best. A Hadith that Imam Ahmad collected in the Musnad mentions that `A'ishah and Hafsah were the plotters. Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "I was eager to ask `Umar about the two ladies among the wives of the Prophet , about whom Allah said,
إِن تَتُوبَآ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا
(If you two turn in repentance to Allah your hearts are indeed so inclined;) Then I performed Hajj along with `Umar, and on our way back from Hajj he went aside (to relieve himself). I also went aside along with him carrying a tumbler of water. When he finished and returned, I poured water on his hands from the tumbler and he performed ablution. I said, `O Commander of the faithful! Who were the two ladies among the wives of the Prophet , to whom Allah said,
إِن تَتُوبَآ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا
(If you two turn in repentance to Allah your hearts are indeed so inclined)' `Umar said, `I am astonished at your question, O Ibn `Abbas."' - Az-Zuhri (a subnarrator) said that `Umar did not like the question, but he still answered it, saying that they were `A'ishah and Hafsah. "Then `Umar went on relating the story and said, `We, the people of Quraysh, used to have authority over our women. But when we came to live with the Ansar, we noticed that the Ansari women had the upper hand over their men, so our women started acquiring the habits of the Ansari women. At that time, I was residing at the house of Umayyah bin Zayd, in Al-`Awali. Once I got angry with my wife, and she talked back to me; I disliked her answering me back. She said, `Why do you dislike me talking back to you By Allah, the wives of the Prophet talk back to him, and some of them may not speak with him for the whole day, until nightfall.' Then I went to Hafsah and asked her, `Do you talk back to Allah's Messenger ﷺ ' She said, `Yes.' I asked, `Does any of you keep Allah's Messenger ﷺ angry all day long, until night' She replied, `Yes.' I said, `Whoever among you does this is a ruined, losing person! Doesn't she fear that Allah may get angry for the anger of His Messenger and, thus, she will be ruined Don't ask Allah's Messenger ﷺ too many things, and don't retort him in any case. Demand from me whatever you like, and don't be tempted to imitate your neighbor, for she is more beautiful than you, and more beloved to Allah's Messenger ﷺ than you.' He meant `A'ishah.
I, and an Ansari neighbor of mine used to visit the Prophet in turns. He used to go one day, and I another day. When I went I would bring him the news of what had happened that day regarding the revelation and when he went, he used to do the same for me. In those days it was rumored that the Ghassan (tribe) were preparing their horses to invade us. My companion went and returned to us at night and knocked at my door. I came out to him. He said that a grave thing happened. I asked him, `What is it Have Ghassan come' He replied that it was worse and more serious than that, adding that Allah's Messenger ﷺ had divorced all his wives. I said, `Hafsah is a ruined loser! I expected that would happen some day.' So I dressed myself and I performed the Subh prayer. I went to Hafsah and found her weeping. I asked her, `Has Allah's Messenger ﷺ divorced all of you' She replied, `I don't know. He is there alone in the upper room.' I went to the upper room and asked a black slave of the Prophet to ask for his permission to see me, and the boy went in and then came out saying, `I mentioned you to him and he remained silent.' I then went out and came to the Minbar and found a group of people around it and some of them were weeping. I sat with them for some time, but could not endure the situation. So, I requested to the boy, `Will you get the permission for `Umar' He went in and then came out saying, `I mentioned you to him, but he did not reply.' So, I went to Minbar and sat with the people who were sitting by the Minbar, but I could not bear the situation, so I went to the boy again and said, `Will you get the permission for `Umar' He went in and brought the same reply as before. When I was leaving, behold, he called me saying, `Allah's Messenger ﷺ has granted you permission.' So, I entered the Prophet's room, greeted him with the Salam and saw him lying on a mat without bedding on it, and the mat had left its mark on the body of the Prophet.
I said, `Have you divorced your wives, O Allah's Messenger' He raised his eyes to me and replied no. I said, `Allahu Akbar. O Allah's Messenger! We, the people of Quraysh used to have the upper hand over our women. But when we came to Al-Madinah, we found a people whose women had the upper hand over them. Our women started learning this behavior from them. Once, I got angry with my wife, and she talked back to me. I disliked that behavior from her and she said, `Why do you dislike that I talk back to you By Allah, the Prophet's wives talk back to him and one of them would ignore him the whole day, until the night.' I said to her, `Whoever does this among them is the ruined loser! Does she feel safe from Allah getting angry with her on account of His Messenger's anger In that case, she would be ruined.' On that the Prophet smiled. I then said, `O Allah's Messenger! I went to Hafsah and said to her, `Do not be tempted to imitate your companion (`A'ishah) for she is more beautiful than you and more beloved to the Prophet.' The Prophet smiled again. When I saw him smiling, I said, `Does the Messenger feel calm' He said, `Yes.' So, I sat down and cast a glance at the room, and by Allah, I couldn't see anything of importance, except three hides. I said, `Invoke Allah, O Allah's Messenger, to make your followers prosperous, for the Persians and the Byzantines have been made prosperous and given worldly luxuries, even though they do not worship Allah.' The Prophet sat upright and said,
«أَفِي شَكَ أَنْتَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أُولَئِكَ قَوْمٌ عُجِّلَتْ لَهُمْ طَيِّبَاتُهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا»
(O Ibn Al-Khattab! Do you have any doubt These people have been given rewards of their good deeds in this world only.) I asked the Prophet , `Please beg Allah's forgiveness for me, O Allah's Messenger.' The Prophet swore that he would not go to his wives for one month, because of his severe anger towards them, until Allah the Exalted and Most Honored censured him." Al-Bukhari, Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also collected this Hadith using various chains of narration. Al-Bukhari and Muslim also collected it from Ibn `Abbas, who said, "For a whole year, I was eager to ask `Umar bin Al-Khattab about an Ayah. However, I hesitated out of respect for him. Once, he went on a Hajj trip and I accompanied him. On our way back, he stopped to relieve himself behind some trees of Arak. I stopped until he finished and then walked along with him and asked him, `O Leader of the believers! Who are the two women who helped each other (or plotted) against the Prophet "' This is the narration that Al-Bukhari collected, while Muslim recorded that Ibn `Abbas asked, "Who are the two women about whom Allah the Exalted said,
وَإِن تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ
(but if you help one another against him, )" `Umar replied, "A'ishah and Hafsah." Muslim mentioned the rest of the Hadith. Muslim also recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said to him, "When Allah's Messenger ﷺ stayed away from his wives, I entered the Masjid and found people striking the ground with pebbles. They said, `Allah's Messenger ﷺ has divorced his wives.' That occurred before Hijab was commanded. I said to myself, `I must investigate this news today."' So he mentioned the Hadith in which he went to `A'ishah and Hafsah and admonished them. He then said, `I went in and found Rabah, the servant of Allah's Messenger ﷺ, sitting on a window sill. I called, `O Rabah, seek permission for me from Allah's Messenger ﷺ."' He then mentioned the story as we mentioned above. `Umar continued, "I said, `O Messenger of Allah, what trouble do you feel from your wives If you have divorced them, verily Allah is with you, His angels, Jibril, Mikal, I, Abu Bakr and the rest of believers are with you.' Often, when I talked, all praise is due to Allah, I hoped that Allah would testify to the words that I uttered. And so the Ayat of option was revealed. Allah said,
عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَجاً خَيْراً مِّنكُنَّ
(Maybe his Lord, if he divorces you, will give him in your place wives better than you,) and,
وَإِن تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلَـهُ وَجِبْرِيلُ وَصَـلِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمَلَـئِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ
(but if you help one another against him, then verily, Allah is his Protector, and Jibril, and the righteous among the believers; and after that the angels are his helpers.) I said, `Messenger of Allah ﷺ, have you divorced them' He said, `No.' I stood at the door of the Masjid and called out at the top of my voice, `The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has not divorced his wives.' It was on this occasion that this Ayah was revealed,
وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الاٌّمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُوْلِى الاٌّمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ
(When any matter pertaining to peace or alarm comes to them, they broadcast it; whereas, if they would refer it to the Messenger and those who have been entrusted with authority among them, those of them who are engaged in obtaining intelligence would indeed know (what to do with) it.)(4:83) It was I who understood (and properly investigated) this matter." Similar was said by Sa`id bin Jubayr, `Ikrimah, Muqatil bin Hayyan, Ad-Dahhak and others. The Ayah,
وَصَـلِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(and the righteous among the believers;) refers to Abu Bakr and `Umar. Al-Hasan Al-Basri added `Uthman to them. Layth bin Abi Sulaym said from Mujahid:
وَصَـلِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(and the righteous among the believers;) includes `Ali bin Abi Talib also. Al-Bukhari recorded that Anas said, "`Umar said, `The wives of the Prophet were all jealous for his affection, and I said to them,
عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَجاً خَيْراً مِّنكُنَّ
(Maybe his Lord, if he divorces you, will give him instead of you, wives better than you.) Thereafter, this Ayah was revealed."' We mentioned before that `Umar said statements that were confirmed by the Qur'an, such as about the revelation about Hijab see 33:53 and the captive idolators after the battle of Badr see 8:67. `Umar's suggestion to take the Station of Ibrahim as a place for prayer and Allah revealed this Ayah;
وَاتَّخِذُواْ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مُصَلًّى
(And take you the Maqam (station) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer.) (2:125) Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Anas said that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "I heard news that the Mothers of the faithful had a dispute with the Prophet . So I advised them, saying, `Either stop bothering Allah's Messenger ﷺ or Allah might provide him better wives than you. Al-Hasan Al-Basri added `Uthman to them. Layth bin Abi Sulaym said from Mujahid:
وَصَـلِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(and the righteous among the believers;) includes `Ali bin Abi Talib also. Al-Bukhari recorded that Anas said, "`Umar said, `The wives of the Prophet were all jealous for his affection, and I said to them,
عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَجاً خَيْراً مِّنكُنَّ
(Maybe his Lord, if he divorces you, will give him instead of you, wives better than you.) Thereafter, this Ayah was revealed."' We mentioned before that `Umar said statements that were confirmed by the Qur'an, such as about the revelation about Hijab see 33:53 and the captive idolators after the battle of Badr see 8:67. `Umar's suggestion to take the Station of Ibrahim as a place for prayer and Allah revealed this Ayah;
وَاتَّخِذُواْ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مُصَلًّى
(And take you the Maqam (station) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer.) (2:125) Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Anas said that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "I heard news that the Mothers of the faithful had a dispute with the Prophet . So I advised them, saying, `Either stop bothering Allah's Messenger ﷺ or Allah might provide him better wives than you. Abu `Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Abu Malik, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, As-Suddi, and others.
-Ey Peygamber!- Allah'ın sana helal kıldığı cariyen olan Mariya'dan istifade etmeyi niçin kendine haram kılıyorsun? Bununla, onu kıskanan eşlerini hoşnut mu etmek istiyorsun? Allah, seni çokça bağışlayıcıdır. Sana karşı çok merhametlidir.
Ô Messager, pourquoi rends-tu illicite ce qu’Allah t’a déclaré licite, à savoir, avoir des rapports intimes avec ton esclave Mâriyah, recherchant ainsi à satisfaire tes épouses qui sont jalouses d’elles, alors qu’Allah te pardonne et te fait miséricorde.
Due to some domestic problems created by his wives, the Prophet vowed that he would not take honey. But, a prophet’s actions become examples for his followers. Therefore, God commanded the Prophet to pay expiation, the penalty prescribed by the Islamic law, and free himself from the his vow not to take honey, so that in future, his followers should not take it as a symbol of piety and stop taking honey.
Allah telah mensyariatkan untuk kalian cara untuk membebaskan diri dari sumpah-sumpah kalian jika kalian melanggarnya atau ada yang lebih baik daripadanya dengan membayar kafarat. Sungguh Allah adalah penolong kalian, Dia Maha Mengetahui tentang kondisi kalian dan apa yang baik bagi kalian dan Dia Mahabijaksana dalam syariat dan takdir-Nya.
Allah vous a prescrit de vous libérer de vos serments en vous acquittant d’une expiation, lorsque vous trouvez de meilleures décisions ou que vous commettez un parjure. Allah vous fera triompher. Il connaît le mieux vos situations et ce qui est dans votre intérêt et est Sage dans ce qu’Il precsrit et ce qu’Il détermine.
Quả thật Allah đã ban hành điều luật để xóa bỏ lời thề nguyện bằng cách thực hiện Kaffa-rah (đó là nuôi ăn mười người nghèo hoặc cung cấp quần áo cho họ, hoặc dùng tiền chuộc một người nô lệ, hoặc nhịn chay ba ngày). Và Allah là Đấng bảo hộ và giúp đỡ các ngươi, và Ngài biết rõ điều gì sẽ cải thiện các ngươi nên mới sắc lệnh cho các ngươi, bởi Ngài là Đấng Sáng suốt và khôn ngoan trong lời nói và hành động.
Allah vam je propisao da se za svoje zakletve iskupite, ako vidite da je nešto drugo bolje, ili ako ste ih prekršili. Allah je vaš pomagač, On zna vaša stanja i šta vam najviše odgovara, On mudro propisuje i određuje.
Verily, Allah has legislated for you to break your oaths by giving expiation if you find something better than the oaths your took or if you go against them. Allah is your helper and He is The Knower of your circumstances and what is best for you; He is The Wise in His legislation and decree.
Eğer yeminlerinizi yerine getirmekten daha hayırlı bir şey bulduysanız Yüce Allah, yeminlerinizin kefaretle çözülmesini size meşru kılmıştır. Yüce Allah, sizin yardımcınızdır. O, sizin her halinizi ve neyin sizin için daha iyi olduğunu hakkıyla bilendir. O, şeriatinde ve takdir etmesinde hikmet sahibidir.
Verdaderamente, Al-lah ha legislado para que anulen sus juramentos y otorguen expiación si encuentran algo mejor que los juramentos que hicieron o si actúan en contra de ellos. Al-lah es su Protector y Él es el Conocedor de sus circunstancias y lo que es mejor para ustedes; Él es el Sabio en su legislación y decreto.
Allāh ha decretato l'espiazione dei vostri giuramenti, se trovate opzioni migliori o se non adempite a un giuramento; e Allāh vi sostiene, Egli è Consapevole delle vostre condizioni e di ciò che vi è utile, Saggio nella Sua Legge e nel Suo decreto.
Nagsabatas nga si Allāh para sa inyo ng pagkakalas sa mga panunumpa ninyo sa pamamagitan ng panakip-sala kung nakatagpo kayo ng kabutihan doon o nagsinungaling kayo sa sinumpaan. Si Allāh ay ang Tagapag-adya ninyo at Siya ay ang Maalam sa mga kalagayan ninyo at anumang naangkop para sa inyo, ang Marunong sa pagbabatas Niya at pagtatakda Niya.
قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّـهُ لَكُمْ تَحِلَّةَ أَيْمَانِكُمْ (Allah has prescribed [ the way on absolution from your oaths....66:2). This verse reminds that where it is necessary or better to break the oath, Allah has prescribed a way to absolve oneself from the liability of the oath by expiation, the details of which are given in other verses.
Rappelle-toi lorsque le Prophète confia à Ħafşah qu’il ne s’approcherait plus de son épouse Mâriyah et lorsque Ħafşah rapporta cela à ‘Â`ichah et qu’Allah informa Son Prophète de la divulgation de son secret, le Prophète fit des reproches à Ħafşah en lui mentionnant certaines choses qu’elle avait dites et en en taisant d’autres. Ħafşah lui demanda alors: Qui t’a informé de cela? Il répondit: C’est le Connaisseur de toute chose et de tout ce qui est dissimulé qui m’en a informé.
And remember when the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned something only to Ḥafṣah, and that was that he will never again go close to his wife Mariah. So after Ḥafṣah informed ‘Ā’ishah of the information, and Allah informed His Messenger of his secret having been spread, he reprimanded Ḥafṣah and told her part of what she had said, not mentioning another. So she asked him, “Who informed you of this?” He replied, “The Knower of everything and The Aware of every hidden thing informed me of it.”
Recuerden cuando el Profeta r le mencionó algo solo a Hafsah, y fue que nunca más volvería a acercarse a su esposa María. Entonces, después de que Hafsah se lo contó a Aishah, Al-lah le informó a Su Mensajero que su secreto había sido divulgado, y reprendió por ello a Hafsah y le refirió parte de lo que ella había dicho, y omitió otra parte. Así que ella le preguntó: “¿Quién te informó de esto?” Él respondió: “El Conocedor de todo, a Quien nada le es oculto, me lo ha revelado”.
Ingatlah ketika Nabi -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam- menyampaikan berita secara khusus kepada Hafṣah, istrinya, di antaranya bahwa ia tidak akan mendekati budak wanitanya, Mariyah. Ketika Hafṣah mengabarkannya kepada Aisyah dan Allah memberi tahu Nabi-Nya tentang penyebaran rahasia tersebut maka Nabi mencela Hafṣah, lalu beliau menyebutkan sebagian yang dibicarakan Hafṣah dan mendiamkan sebagiannya. Lalu Hafṣah bertanya, “Siapa yang memberitahumu?” Nabi menjawab, “Saya diberitahu oleh Allah yang Mahatinggi dan Mahatahu atas segala yang tersembunyi.”
وَإِذْ أَسَرَّ النَّبِيُّ إِلَىٰ بَعْضِ أَزْوَاجِهِ حَدِيثًا (And [ remember ] when the Prophet ﷺ told one of his wives something in secret...66:3). The Holy Prophet ﷺ confided a certain secret in one of his wives. According to most versions of the authentic report, the 'secret' in this verse refers to the ban the Holy Prophet ﷺ imposed on himself about honey, but at the same time he did not want Sayyidah Zainab's ؓ feelings to be hurt and therefore he directed the wife to keep it secret from others, but the disclosing wife divulged the secret to another wife, as follows in the next verse. Although there are some other reports that explain the 'secret' in some other way, what has been mentioned above is in accordance with the most authentic narrations.
فَلَمَّا نَبَّأَتْ بِهِ وَأَظْهَرَهُ اللَّـهُ عَلَيْهِ عَرَّفَ بَعْضَهُ وَأَعْرَضَ عَن بَعْضٍ (So, when she disclosed it [ to another wife ], and Allah made it known to him, he told [ the disclosing wife ] part of it, and bypassed another part...66:3). In other words, when the disclosing wife divulged the secret to another wife, and Allah disclosed this fact to the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، he complained to the disclosing wife about her disclosure, but he did not convey to her the whole information. Instead, he communicated part of it to her and withheld part of it. This was because of the Holy Prophet's magnanimity and high morals. If he had disclosed the entire information he had received from Allah, it would have embarrassed her most profoundly. Who was the disclosing wife and who was the one to whom the secret was disclosed? The Qur'an is silent on their identity and does not name them. According to the best received narratives, it would appear that it was Sayyidah Hafsah ؓ whom the Holy Prophet ﷺ directed to keep the matter secret, and she divulged it to Sayyidah ` A'ishah ؓ as recorded in Bukhari on the authority of Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ which will be narrated later.
Some narratives report that when Sayyidah Hafsah ؓ divulged the secret, the Holy Prophet ﷺ decided to divorce her, but Allah sent Jibra'l (علیہ السلام) to him, preventing him from divorcing her on the ground that she offered many prayers and kept fasts abundantly. Her name appears in the list of his wives in Paradise. [ Mazhari ]
Hãy nhớ lại khi Nabi tâm sự thầm kín với vợ của Y là Hafsah về việc Y sẽ không gần gũi với người nữ hầu của Y là Mariyah nữa thì Hafsah đã nói lại với ‘A-ishah. Sau đó, Allah đã cho Nabi biết về việc Hafsah đã tiết lộ bí mật của Y. Y đã đề cập cho nữ một số điều mà nữ đã đề cập và im lặng về một số điều. Nghe được sự việc, Hafsah hỏi: "Ai đã cho Người biết sự việc này?" Y đáp: "Ta biết được việc này từ Đấng hằng biết tất cả mọi việc, Đấng Thông Toàn mọi thứ che giấu."
Banggitin mo nang nagtangi ang Propeta – basbasan siya ni Allāh at batiin ng kapayapaan – kay Ḥafṣah ng isang ulat. Bahagi nito ay na siya ay hindi lalapit sa alipin niyang si Maria. Kaya noong nagpabatid si Ḥafṣah kay `Ā'ishah hinggil sa ulat at nagpaalam naman si Allāh sa Propeta Niya tungkol sa pagpapakalat ng lihim niya, pinagalitan niya si Ḥafṣah saka bumanggit siya rito ng isang bahagi mula sa binanggit nito at nanahimik siya tungkol sa ibang bahagi. Kaya nagtanong ito sa kanya: "Sino ang nagpabatid sa iyo nito?" Nagsabi naman siya: "Nagpabatid sa akin ang Maalam sa bawat bagay, ang Mapagbatid sa bawat nakakubli."
E rammenta di quando il Profeta pace e benedizioni di Allāh su di lui scelse Ħafsa per rivelarle una notizia, ovvero che egli non si avvicinasse alla propria moglie Maria. Quando Ħafsa informò Aish’ah del fatto, e Allāh informò il Suo Profeta che il segreto era stato divulgato, egli rimproverò Ħafsa e le disse parte di ciò che aveva fatto mentre tacque sul resto. Gli chiese: "Chi ti ha informato?" Le disse: "L'Onnisciente mi ha informato, il Ben Informato di ogni segreto".
Spomeni kad je Poslanik, sallallahu alejhi ve sellem, jednoj supruzi svojoj, tj. Hafsi, tajno govor povjerio, a jedna od tih tajni jeste i da se neće približavati Mariji. Nakon što je Hafsa tu tajnu otkrila Aiši i nakon što je Poslanik, sallallahu alejhi ve sellem, saznao za širenje te tajne preko Objave od Allaha, on je ukorio Hafsu i nešto od onoga što je ona spomenula, ispričao joj, dok je ostalo prešutio. Ona ga je upitala: "Ko te o tome obavijestio?", a on je kazao: "Onaj koji sve zna i ništa Mu nije skriveno."
Hani Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- hanımı Hafsa -radıyallahu anha-'ya cariyesi Mâriya'ya yaklaşmayacağına dair gizli bir şey söylemişti de Hafsa -radıyallah anha- bunu Âişe -radıyallahu anha-'ya haber vermişti. Yüce Allah da Peygamberine, onun sırrını ifşa ettiğini bildirmiş; bunun üzerine Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- Hafsa'yı azarlayarak bunun bir kısmını kendisine bildirmiş, bir kısmı hususunda ise sükut etmişti. Hafsa, Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'e; "Sana bunu kim haber verdi?" diye sormuş, bunun üzerine Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-; "Bunu bana her şeyi hakkıyla bilen ve gizli olan, her şeyden hakkıyla haberdar olan Yüce Allah haber verdi." demişti.
Nagindapat sa inyong dalawa na magbalik-loob kayong dalawa dahil ang mga puso ninyong dalawa ay kumiling sa pag-ibig sa kinasuklaman ng Sugo ni Allāh – basbasan siya ni Allāh at batiin ng kapayapaan – na pag-iwas sa babaing alipin niya at pagbabawal dito sa sarili niya. Kung magpupumilit kayo sa pag-ulit sa panunulsol ninyong dalawa sa kanya, tunay na si Allāh ay Katangkilik niya at Tagapag-adya niya, at gayon din si Anghel Gabriel. Ang mga mabuti sa mga mananampalataya ay mga katangkilik niya at mga mapag-adya sa kanya. Ang mga anghel, matapos ng pag-aadya ni Allāh sa kanya, ay mga katulong para sa kanya at mga mapag-adya laban sa sinumang nananakit sa kanya.
Es deber de ambas arrepentirse, porque sus corazones se han inclinado hacia algo que al Mensajero de Al-lah r no le agradaba, prohibiéndose a sí mismo algo que era lícito para él. Pero si insisten en unir fuerzas contra él, entonces deben saber que Al-lah es su Protector, y también lo es Gabriel y los creyentes virtuosos.
È vostro dovere pentirvi, perché i vostri cuori tendono ad amare ciò che il Messaggero di Allāh, pace e benedizione di Allāh su di lui ﷺ, ripudia, ovvero il fatto di non avvicinarsi alla sua schiava e di proibirla a se stesso. Se insistete a parlare dello stesso argomento, sappiate che, in verità, Allāh è il suo protettore e sostenitore, e che Jibrīl e i migliori credenti sono suoi protettori e sostenitori, e così gli angeli, dopo il sostengo concessogli da Allāh, sono suoi protettori e sostenitori contro coloro che gli fanno del male.
Bắc buộc hai ngươi (Hafsah và ‘A-ishah) phải quay về sám hối cùng với Allah về những gì mà hai ngươi đã sai phạm. Nếu làm được như vậy thì coi như tấm lòng của hai ngươi biết hạ mình sửa lỗi với Thiên Sứ của Allah, còn nếu hai ngươi vẫn con ngoan cố tiếp tay nhau chống lại Y thì Allah là Đấng bảo hộ và giúp đỡ Y và sau đó là Đại Thiên Thần Jibril, những người có đức tin ngoan đạo cùng với các thiên thần sẽ là những vị bảo hộ và giúp đỡ chống lại những ai làm tổn thương Y.
إِن تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللَّـهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا [ 0 two wives of the Prophet,] If both of you repent to Allah, then [ your conduct calls for it, because ] your hearts have diverted....66:4). The reference here is made to two of his blessed wives who, as mentioned above in brief, contrived to draw the Holy Prophet ﷺ into swearing an oath and making the aforementioned promise to abstain from honey. Who are they? Bukhari and other collections of Traditions record a lengthy Tradition about this on the authority of Ibn ` Abbas ؓ who narrates that he was always on the look-out to enquire of Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ as to who were the two wives to whom reference had been made in the above verse. So, when Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ was on his way to pilgrimage, the former joined him. One day, in the course of the journey, the latter went to answer the call of nature. When he returned, the former had arranged water for the latter's ablution. He poured water on his hands. Whilst pouring the water for ablution, he enquired as to who were the two wives to whom reference is made in the dual verb اِن تَتُوبَآ (If both of you repent) Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ asked him in surprise: 'Do you not know who they were?' Ibn ` Abbas ؓ said: 'No!' Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ said they were Hafsah and 'A'ishah ؓ and then proceeded to recount a lengthy story related to this incident which also contained some incidents that took place earlier. The details of the incident are available in Tafsir Mazhari. This verse addresses the two blessed wives of the Holy Prophet ﷺ and requires them to turn to Allah as their hearts have deviated, albeit what they did, stem from their love for the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، but in the process they, in consultation with one another, adopted a way that hurt the Holy Prophet ﷺ . This is a sin for which repentance was necessary.
وَإِن تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّـهَ هُوَ مَوْلَاهُ وَجِبْرِيلُ (And if you back each other against him [ the Prophet ﷺ ], then Allah is his supporter, and Jibra'l (علیہ السلام) and righteous believers and, after all that, angels are his helpers....66:4). The current verse warns the wives that if they do not repent and please the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ، they will not cause any loss to him, because Allah is his Protector, and so are Jibril, every right-acting believer and, furthermore, the other angels too will come to his support, and it will be the wives themselves who will suffer loss.
It is your duty that you both repent, because your hearts have inclined towards liking something the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) disliked, i.e. staying away from his servant girl and forbidding her upon himself. And if you insist upon joining forces against him, then know that Allah is his guardian and helper, and so is Gabriel and the best of believers. The angels are also his helpers and supporters after Allah against those who cause inconvenience to him.
Il vous incombe de vous repentir, car vos cœurs ont penché en faveur de ce que déteste le Messager d’Allah, c’est-à-dire renoncer à son esclave et la rendre illicite pour lui-même. Si vous persistez à vous soutenir l’une l’autre contre lui, sachez qu’Allah est son allié et son soutien ainsi que Gabriel et les meilleurs des croyants, puis après l’alliance et le soutien d’Allah, les anges sont ses aides et ses soutiens contre ceux qui lui nuisent.
(Ey Peygamber eşleri!) İkinizin tövbe etmesi üzerinize bir haktır. Çünkü kalpleriniz, Rasûlullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in hoşlanmadığı şey olan cariyesinden uzaklaşıp onu kendisine haram kılmasına meyletmiştir. Eğer ikiniz, onun aleyhine bir araya gelmek hususunda ısrar edecek olursanız şüphesiz Allah, onun yardımcısı ve velisidir. Aynı şekilde Cebrail, Müminlerin hayırlıları ve melekler de ona eziyet eden kimselere karşı Allah'ın yardımından sonra onun yardımcısı ve dostudurlar.
Kalian berdua harus bertobat sebab hati kalian telah cenderung mencintai sesuatu yang dibenci Rasulullah -ṣallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam-, yaitu menjauhi dan mengharamkan budak wanitanya atas dirinya. Jika kalian berdua masih bersikeras untuk kembali kepada perbuatan tersebut maka sesunguhnya Allah adalah pelindung dan penolongnya, demikian pula dengan Jibril dan orang-orang mukmin pilihan. Setelah Allah menolongnya, sesungguhnya para malaikat adalah penolongnya atas orang-orang yang menyakitinya.
Vas dvije treba da se pokajete, jer su vaša srca naklonjena bila onome što je Poslanik, sallallahu alejhi ve sellem, prezirao, a prezirao je da se udalji od svoje robinje i da je sebi zabrani. Ako vi nastavite da se protiv njega udružujete, onda znajte da je Allah njegov zaštitnik i pomagač, a također i Džibril i odabrani vjernici pomoći će ga. Nakon pomoći Allahove, pomoći će ga i meleki protiv onih koji ga uznemiravaju.
عَسَىٰ رَبُّهُ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَاجًا خَيْرًا مِّنكُنَّ (It is hoped that, if he divorces you, Allah will give him in your place wives better than you, submissive to Allah, believing, devout, penitent, steadfast in worship, fasting, previously married and virgins....66:5). The verse refutes the possible thought of the wives that if they are divorced, the Holy Prophet ﷺ will probably not get women better than themselves. The verse under comment responds to their assessment of the situation. It purports to say that nothing is beyond Allah's power. If he divorces them, Allah will give him in exchange better wives than he has at the moment. This does not necessarily imply that there were better wives than the present holy wives at that time. Possibly such women were not available at that point of time, but, should the need have arisen, He could make other women better than they are. These verses specifically dealt with the holy wives of the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، their deeds, their moral reform, their discipline and training. Similar injunctions are given in the verses that follow for the general body of Muslims and believers.
Marahil ang Panginoon ng Propeta – kaluwalhatian sa Kanya – kung nagdiborsiyo siya sa inyo ay magpapalit sa kanya ng mga maybahay na higit na mabuti kaysa sa inyo – mga babaing nagpapaakay sa utos niya, mga babaing mananampalataya kay Allāh at sa Sugo, mga babaing tagatalima kay Allāh, mga babaing tagapagbalik-loob mula sa mga pagkakasala nila, mga babaing mananamba sa Panginoon nila, mga babaing tagaayuno, na mga dating nakapag-asawa at mga birhen hindi nakatalik ng iba pa sa kanya; subalit hindi siya nagdiborsiyo sa kanila.
Se il profeta divorziasse da voi, il suo Dio, gloria Sua, potrebbe ricompensarlo con mogli migliori di voi, sottomesse al suo ordine, che hanno fede in Lui e che credono al Suo Messaggero, obbedienti ad Allāh, pentite dei loro peccati, devote al loro Dio, digiunanti, sia donne sposate in precedenza che donne mai prima sposate, ma egli non ha divorziato da voi.
It is very likely that if His Messenger was to divorce both of you, Allah may He be glorified will give him wives better than you, who are submissive to his instructions, believing in Allah and His Messenger, obedient to Allah, repenting of their sins, devoted to their Lord, fasting; previously married and virgins whom no one except the Messenger has touched. However, he did not divorce them.
Es muy probable que, si el Mensajero se divorciara de ambas, Al‑lah, glorificado sea, le concedería esposas mejores que ustedes, que crean en Al-lah y en Su Mensajero, que obedezcan a Al-lah y se arrepientan de sus faltas, dedicadas a su Señor mediante el ayuno, algunas de ellas antes casadas y otras no. Sin embargo, no se divorció de ellas.
Ako vas Njegov Vjerovjesnik pusti i razvede, On će mu dati bolje supruge od vas, koje će biti predane njegovim naredbama, koje će vjerovati u Allaha i Poslanika, biti pokorne Allahu, kajati se za grijehe, obožavati svoga Gospodara, postiti, bilo da su udovice ili djevice. Međutim, on ih nije razveo.
Si Son Prophète vous répudie, il se peut que son Seigneur vous remplace par des épouses meilleures que vous, obéissantes, croyants en Lui et en Son Messager, obéissantes à Allah, repentantes de leurs péchés, adoratrices de leur Seigneur, jeûneuses, déjà mariées par le passé ou vierges qui n’ont été touchées par aucun autre homme que lui. Seulement, le Prophète ne les répudia pas.
Jika Nabi menceraikan kalian boleh jadi Tuhannya akan memberikannya ganti dengan istri-istri yang lebih baik dari kalian, wanita-wanita yang patuh kepada perintah-Nya, yang beriman kepada-Nya dan kepada Rasul-Nya, yang taat kepada Allah, yang bertobat atas dosa-dosa mereka, yang beribadah kepada Tuhan mereka, yang berpuasa, dan yang janda maupun yang perawan. Akan tetapi, beliau tidak menceraikan mereka.
In the above-mentioned affair, some wives of the Prophet Muhammad had created complications in his house. By way of warning, his consorts have been addressed here in the manner of an ultimatum. This shows the importance of women in the affairs of life. The fact is that if a woman co-operates with her husband in the real sense, she becomes the husband’s ‘best half’, and if she does not prove to be a true comrade, she may ruin the life’s work of a purposeful man.
Eğer Allah'ın Peygamberi sizi boşayacak olursa Rabbi Allah -Subhanehu ve Teâlâ- ona, sizden daha hayırlı Müslüman, emirlerine itaat eden, Allah'a ve resulüne iman eden, Allah'a itaat eden ve günahlarından tövbe edip çokça ibadet eden, oruç tutan dul ve ondan önce hiç kimsenin birlikte olmadığı bakire kadınlar verebilir. Fakat o onları boşamamıştır.
Nếu Y ly dị các ngươi thì e rằng Thượng Đế của Y, Đấng Vinh Quang sẽ đổi lại cho Y những người vợ khác tốt đẹp hơn, họ sẽ là những người phụ nữ tin tưởng Allah và Thiên Sứ của Ngài, họ luôn vâng lệnh Ngài, họ sẽ là những người ngoan đạo, họ sẽ nhịn chay, một số họ đã có một đời chồng và một số vẫn còn trinh nguyên, nhưng Y đã không ly dị các ngươi.
Ô vous qui croyez en Allah et qui accomplissent ce qu’Il a légiféré, préservez vos personnes et vos famille d’un immense feu qui consume les gens et les pierres. Ce feu est gardé par des anges qui sont rudes avec ceux qui y entrent. Ils ne désobéissent à aucun ordre qu’Allah leur donne, mais l'exécutent plutôt sans paresse ni tergiversation.
Teaching One's Family the Religion and Good Behavior
`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas;
قُواْ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَاراً
(Protect yourselves and your families against a Fire (Hell)) He said, "Work in the obedience of Allah, avoid disobedience of Allah and order your families to remember Allah, then Allah will save you from the Fire." Mujahid also commented on:
قُواْ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَاراً
(Protect yourselves and your families against a Fire (Hell)) saying, "Have Taqwa of Allah and order your family to have Taqwa of Him." Qatadah said, "He commands obedience to Allah, to not disobey Allah, he orders his family to obey His orders and helps them to act upon His orders. When one sees disobedience, he stops them and forbids them from doing it." Similar was said by Ad-Dahhak and Muqatil; "It is an obligation for the Muslim to teach his near family members, and his male and female slaves what Allah has made obligatory for them and what Allah has forbidden for them." There is a Hadith that confirms the meaning of this Ayah. Ahmad, Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi recorded that Ar-Rabi` bin Sabrah said that his father said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«مُرُوا الصَّبِيَّ بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا بَلَغَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ فَاضْرِبُوهُ عَلَيْهَا»
(Order the children to pray when they reach the age of seven and when they reach the age of ten, discipline them for (not performing) it.) This is the narration that Abu Dawud collected; At-Tirmidhi said, "This Hadith is Hasan."
Fuel for Hell and a Description of its Angels
Allah said,
وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ
(whose fuel is men and stones,) indicating that the Children of Adam will be fuel for the Fire that will feed it,
وَالْحِجَارَةُ
(and stones) in reference to the idols that were worshipped, just as Allah said in another Ayah,
إِنَّكُمْ وَمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ
(Certainly you and that which you are worshipping now besides Allah, are (but) fuel for Hell!) (21:98) `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, Mujahid, Abu Ja`far Al-Baqir and As-Suddi said that these are sulfur stones that are more putrid than rotten corpses, according to Mujahid. Allah's statement,
عَلَيْهَا مَلَـئِكَةٌ غِلاَظٌ شِدَادٌ
(over which are (appointed) angels stern (and) severe,) means, their nature of behavior is stern, because the mercy has been taken out of their hearts for those who disbelieve in Allah,
شِدَادٌ
(severe) meaning, their structure is powerful, strong and frightening,
لاَّ يَعْصُونَ اللَّهَ مَآ أَمَرَهُمْ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا يُؤْمَرُونَ
(who disobey not the commands they receive from Allah, but do that which they are commanded.) meaning, whatever Allah commands them, they rush to obey Him, without delay for even a twinkling of an eye. They are able to fulfill the command; they are called Az-Zabaniyah, meaning, the keepers and guards of Hell, may Allah give us shelter from them.
No Excuse will be accepted from the Disbeliever on the Day of Resurrection
Allah said,
يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لاَ تَعْتَذِرُواْ الْيَوْمَ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
(O you who disbelieve! Make no excuses this Day! You are being requited only for what you used to do.) meaning, on the Day of Resurrection, the disbeliever will be told, "Do not offer any excuse this Day, because it will not be accepted from you; you will only be recompensed for what you used to do. Today, you will receive the punishment for your actions."
Encouraging sincere Repentance
Allah the Exalted said,
يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ تُوبُواْ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَوْبَةً نَّصُوحاً
(O you who believe! Turn to Allah with sincere repentance!) meaning, a true, firm repentance that erases the evil sins that preceded it and mend the shortcoming of the repenting person, encouraging and directing him to quit the evil that he used to do. Allah said,
عَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُكَفِّرَ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَـتِكُمْ وَيُدْخِلَكُمْ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ
(It may be that your Lord will expiate from you your sins, and admit you into Gardens under which rivers flow) And when Allah says, "it may be," it means He shall.
يَوْمَ لاَ يُخْزِى اللَّهُ النَّبِىَّ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُ
(the Day that Allah will not disgrace the Prophet and those who believe with him) meaning, on the Day of Resurrection, Allah will not disgrace those who believed in the Prophet ,
نُورُهُمْ يَسْعَى بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَبِأَيْمَـنِهِمْ
(Their light will run forward before them and in their right hands.) as we explained in Surat Al-Hadid,
يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ أَتْمِمْ لَنَا نُورَنَا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَآ إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
(They will say:"Our Lord! Keep perfect our light for us and grant us forgiveness. Verily, You are Able to do all things.") Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak and Al-Hasan Al-Basri and other said, "This is the statement that the believers will say on the Day of Resurrection, when they witness the light of the hypocrites being extinguished." Imam Ahmad recorded that a man from the tribe of Banu Kinanah said, "I prayed behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the year of the Conquest (of Makkah), and heard him say,
«اللْهُمَّ لَا تُخْزِنِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَة»
(O Allah! Please, do not disgrace me on the Day of Resurrection.)"
O vi koji u Allaha vjerujete i radite po Njegovim naredbama, zaštitite sebe i svoje porodice od velike vatre čije će gorivo biti ljudi i kamenje. O toj Vatri brinuće se žestoki meleki koji će biti strogi prema onome ko u Vatru uđe. Oni ne griješe kada im Allah nešto naredi, čine sve što im kaže, bez odgađanja i čekanja.
O those who have faith in Allah and act according to what He has legislated for them! Put up a barrier for yourselves and your families against a huge fire which is stoked with people and stones. Appointed over this fire are tough angels who are harsh to whoever enters it. They do not disobey the command of Allah when He commands them, and they do whatever He commands them to do without hesitation or showing weakness.
Commentary
قُوا أَنفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ (0 those who believe, save yourselves and your families from a fire...66:6). This verse addresses the general body of Muslims and enjoins upon them to safeguard themselves and their families from a fire of Hell whose fuel is people and stones. Then the verse goes on to describe the intensity and horror of the Hell-Fire. Towards the end of it the angels in charge of it, whose name is Zabaniah, are described. They are harsh and terrible from whom no inmate of Hell will be able to rescue himself by force, power, strength, flattery or bribery.
The word أَهْلِيكُمْ (your families) comprehends wife, children and slaves [ males as well as females ]. It is not inconceivable to include full-time servants in the imperative like slaves. When this verse was revealed, Sayyidna ` Umar ؓ inquired: "O Messenger of Allah, we understand how to save ourselves from Hell, that is, we guard ourselves against sins and carry out the Divine injunctions, but how do we safeguard our families from Hell?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: "Instruct them to refrain from deeds that Allah has prohibited, and ask them to carry out deeds that Allah has enjoined. This will rescue them from the Hell-Fire." [ Ruh-u1-Ma’ ani ]
Education and Training of Wife and Children: Every Muslim's Responsibility
The jurists have pointed out that, according to the verse under comment, it is the responsibility of every Muslim to educate the wife and children in matters of Shari obligations, and in matters of halal and Haram and train them diligently to act upon them. A hadith says, "May Allah shower His mercy upon a person who says: '0 my wife and children, (be mindful of) your prayers, your fasting, your alms, your indigent, your orphan, your neighbour! It is hopeful that Allah will gather all these with him in Paradise" 'Your prayers, your fasting' and so on' implies 'Take care of them. Do not ignore them.' The phrase مسکینکم یتیمکم 'Your indigent, your orphan and so on' implies 'Fulfill their rights towards them willingly and readily.' Righteous elders have said that the person deepest in punishment on the Day of Judgment will be the one whose family is ignorant and unaware of the religion. [ Ruh ]
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَا تَعْتَذِرُوا الْيَوْمَ ۖ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (0 those who disbelieve, do not make excuses today. You will only be recompensed for what you have been doing....66:7) After advising the general body of believers, the current verse turns attention to the non-believers who are asked not to try to make excuses, because they will not be accepted. They will be told that they are merely being repaid for what they did.
¡Aquellos que tienen fe en Al-lah y actúan conforme a lo que Él ha legislado para ellos! Levanten una barrera para ustedes y sus familias contra un gran fuego que es avivado con seres humanos y piedras. Para este fuego están designados los ángeles rigurosos, que son severos con quienes ingresen en él. Ellos no desobedecen el mandato de Al-lah cuando Él les ordena, y cumplen Sus órdenes sin dudar ni mostrar debilidad.
O voi che credete in Allāh e che vi attenete alla Sua Legge, ponete una barriera tra il fuoco e voi e le vostre famiglie, un fuoco che viene acceso con la gente e le pietre. Al di sopra di questo fuoco vi sono degli angeli robusti e severi con coloro che vi entrano, che non disobbediscono agli ordini di Allāh e che fanno ciò che Allāh ordina loro senza tardare né esitare.
O mga sumampalataya kay Allāh at gumawa ayon sa isinabatas Niya para sa kanila, gumawa kayo para sa mga sarili ninyo at para sa mga mag-anak ninyo ng isang pananggalang laban sa Apoy na malaki, na pinaniningas sa pamamagitan ng mga tao at mga bato. Sa ibabaw ng Apoy na ito ay may mga anghel na mababagsik sa sinumang pumapasok dito, na matitindi. Hindi sila sumusuway sa utos ni Allāh kapag nag-utos Siya sa kanila, at gumagawa sila sa anumang ipinag-uutos Niya sa kanila nang walang panlulupaypay ni pananamlay.
Này hỡi những người tin tưởng Allah và luôn chấp hành theo giáo luật của Ngài! Các ngươi hãy trông coi và gìn giữ bản thân các ngươi cũng như người thân của các ngươi luôn chấp hành theo chỉ đạo của Allah để có thể tránh khỏi sự trừng phạt nơi Hỏa Ngục khủng khiếp, nơi mà lửa của nó được đốt lên bởi con người và đá, và Hỏa Ngục sẽ được các vị Thiên Thần lạnh lùng, nghiêm nghị canh gác. Các vị Thiên Thần này không bao giờ chống lại mệnh lệnh của Allah, họ tuyệt đối thi hành theo lệnh truyền của Ngài, tuyệt đối không dám trì trệ.
6- Ey iman edenler! Hem kendinizi hem de ailelerinizi, yakacağı insanlar ve taşlar olan ateşten koruyun. O (ateşin) başında çok sert ve çok güçlü melekler vardır ki onlar, Allah'ın kendilerine verdiği emirlerde O’na isyan etmezler. Ne emredilirse onu yaparlar.
6. Yani ey Allah’ın kendilerine imanı lütfettiği kimseler! İmanın gereklerini ve şartlarını yerine getirin. “Hem kendinizi hem de ailelerinizi, yakacağı insanlar ve taşlar olan” böyle korkunç niteliklere sahip “ateşten koruyun.”
Kişinin kendini koruması, nefsini Allah’ın emirlerini yerine getirmeye, yasaklarından kaçınmaya mecbur etmesi, Allah’ı gazaplandıran ve azabı gerektiren şeylerden de tevbe etmesiyle olur. Aileyi ve çocukları korumak ise onları edeplendirmek, eğitip öğretmek, Allah’ın emirlerini yerine getirmeye teşvik etmekle olur. Kul, hem kendisi hakkında hem de idaresi ve tasarrufu altında bulunanlara Allah’ın emirlerini uygulamadıkça kurtulamaz.
Yüce Allah’ın ateşi bu vasıflarla nitelendirmesi, kullarının emirlerine karşı gevşeklik göstermekten kaçınması içindir. O bakımdan Yüce Allah’ın:“yakacağı insanlar ve taşlar olan...” buyruğu şu buyruğa benzemektedir: “Gerçekten siz de Allah’tan başka taptıklarınız da cehennemin odunusunuz. Siz oraya gireceksiniz.”(el-Enbiyâ, 21/98)“O (ateşin) başında çok sert ve çok güçlü melekler vardır.” Bunların huyları serttir. Azarları çetindir. Sesleri korkutucu, görünüşleri de dehşet vericidir. Güç ve kuvvetleri ile cehennemlikleri hakir ve zelil ederler. Onlara Allah’ın emirlerini uygularlar ki Allah da cehennemliklere azabı kaçınılmaz kılmış ve bu çetin cezayı belirlemiştir.
"Onlar, Allah'ın kendilerine verdiği emirlerde O’na isyan etmezler. Ne emredilirse onu yaparlar.” Bu da o şerefli meleklere bir övgüdür ve onların, bütün emirlerinde Allah’a itaat ettiklerini ve O’na boyun eğdiklerini göstermektedir.
"Hai orang-orang yang beriman, peliharalah dirimu dan keluargamu dari api neraka yang bahan bakarnya adalah manusia dan batu; penjaganya malaikat-malaikat yang kasar, yang keras, yang tidak mendurhakai Allah terhadap apa yang diperintahkan-Nya kepada mereka dan selalu mengerjakan apa yang diperintah-kan." (At-Tahrim: 6).
(6) Maksudnya, hai orang yang diberi karunia berupa ke-imanan oleh Allah سبحانه وتعالى, tunaikanlah tuntutan dan syarat keimanan. Maka ﴾ قُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ وَأَهۡلِيكُمۡ نَارٗا ﴿ "peliharalah dirimu dan keluargamu dari api neraka," yang memiliki ciri-ciri mengerikan. Menjaga diri dengan menunaikan perintah Allah سبحانه وتعالى dan menjauhi laranganNya serta bertaubat dari perbuatan yang membuat Allah سبحانه وتعالى murka dan meng-undang azab serta menjaga keluarga dan anak-anak dengan cara mendidik, mengajarkan serta memaksa mereka untuk menunaikan perintah-perintah Allah سبحانه وتعالى. Seorang hamba tidak akan selamat hingga menunaikan perintah Allah سبحانه وتعالى terhadap dirinya sendiri dan orang-orang yang ada di bawah kekuasaannya seperti istri dan anak, serta yang lainnya yang berada di bawah kekuasaannya.
Allah سبحانه وتعالى menyebutkan sifat-sifat neraka seperti itu agar hamba-hambaNya tidak menyepelekan perintah-perintahNya. Allah سبحانه وتعالى berfirman, ﴾ وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلۡحِجَارَةُ ﴿ "Yang bahan bakarnya adalah manusia dan batu." Ini semakna dengan Firman Allah سبحانه وتعالى,
﴾ إِنَّكُمۡ وَمَا تَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ أَنتُمۡ لَهَا وَٰرِدُونَ 98 ﴿
"Sesungguhnya kamu dan apa yang kamu sembah selain Allah, ada-lah umpan Jahanam, kamu pasti masuk ke dalamnya." (Al-Anbiya`: 98).
﴾ عَلَيۡهَا مَلَٰٓئِكَةٌ غِلَاظٞ شِدَادٞ ﴿ "Penjaganya malaikat-malaikat yang kasar, yang keras," maksudnya, watak mereka keras, gertakan mereka amat keras, suara mereka menakutkan apa pun yang mereka lihat, menyiksa penghuni neraka dengan kekuatan mereka dan mereka melakukan perintah Allah سبحانه وتعالى yang mengharuskan menyiksa pen-duduk neraka dengan sekeras-kerasnya.﴾ لَّا يَعۡصُونَ ٱللَّهَ مَآ أَمَرَهُمۡ وَيَفۡعَلُونَ مَا يُؤۡمَرُونَ ﴿ "Yang tidak mendurhakai Allah terhadap apa yang diperintahkan-Nya kepada mereka dan selalu mengerjakan apa yang diperintahkan."
Dalam ayat ini juga terdapat pujian bagi para malaikat mulia, kepatuhan mereka terhadap perintah Allah سبحانه وتعالى, dan ketaatan mereka dalam segala sesuatu yang diperintahkan pada mereka.
Ey Allah'a iman edip, kendilerine gönderdiği din ile amel edenler! İnsanlar ve taşlar ile tutuşturulan o büyük ateşten kendinizi ve ailenizi koruyun. Bu ateşin başında katı, oraya giren kimselere karşı acımasız ve Allah'ın kendilerine emrettiklerine karşı gelmeyen gevşeklik ve yorgunluk olmaksızın Allah'ın kendilerine emrettiklerini yapan melekler vardır.
Wahai orang-orang yang beriman kepada Allah dan menjalankan syariat-Nya kepada mereka! Buatlah perisai untuk diri dan keluarga kalian dari api neraka yang besar yang dinyalakan dengan manusia dan bebatuan. Di atas neraka ini ada para malaikat yang kasar terhadap orang-orang yang memasukinya dan keras, mereka tidak mendurhakai perintah Allah jika diperintahkan dan melaksanakan apa yang diperintahkan-Nya tanpa malas dan enggan.
The disbelievers will be told on the day of resurrection: O you who have disbelieved in Allah! Do not make excuses today for the disbelief and sins you used to commit, because your excuses will not be accepted. Today, you will be requited only for the disbelief in Allah and rejection of His Messengers you used to perpetrate in the world.
In the present world it often happens that a man knows that something is right, but excessive attachment to his wife and children compels him to shun the right path and do only that which his wife and children desire. But this is a terrible lapse on his part. Man should know that the children for whose sake he forgets to act with rectitude today, will be handed over tomorrow to fierce agents of Hell, who will be as heartless as robots and who will not make any concessions to them.
Nevjernicima će se na Sudnjem danu kazati: "O vi koji niste vjerovali u Allaha, danas se nemoje pravdati za svoje nevjerovanje i griješenje, jer vam opravdanje neće biti prihvaćeno. Danas ćete biti kažnjeni za nevjerstvo i poricanje poslanika na dunjaluku."
7- Ey küfre sapanlar! Bugün (boşuna) özür dilemeyin. Siz ancak yaptıklarınızın cezasını çekiyorsunuz.
7. Yüce Allah Kıyamet gününde kâfirleri böylece azarlayacaktır. Onlara şöyle diyecektir:“Ey küfre sapanlar! Bugün (boşuna) özür dilemeyin.” Çünkü özür dileme vakti geçmiş bulunuyor. Bunun faydası da yok. Şimdi geriye amellerin karşılığının verilmesinden başka bir şey kalmamıştır. Sizler ise dünyada iken Allah’ı inkâr edip küfre sapmaktan, O’nun âyetlerini yalanlamaktan, peygamberlerine ve dostlarına karşı savaş açmaktan başka bir şey yapmadınız. karşılığı
"Hai orang-orang kafir, janganlah kamu mengemukakan udzur pada hari ini. Sesungguhnya kamu hanya diberi balasan menurut apa yang kamu kerjakan." (At-Tahrim: 7).
(7) Penghuni neraka pada Hari Kiamat dicela sedemikian rupa, dikatakan pada mereka, ﴾ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَا تَعۡتَذِرُواْ ٱلۡيَوۡمَۖ ﴿ "Hai orang-orang kafir, janganlah kamu mengemukakan udzur pada hari ini," karena waktu mengemukakan udzur sudah tidak ada dan sudah tidak lagi berguna. Yang tersisa sekarang hanyalah pembalasan atas amal perbuatan. Yang kalian persembahkan hanyalah kekufuran terhadap Allah سبحانه وتعالى, mendustakan tanda-tanda kebesaranNya, dan memerangi para rasul serta para kekasih Allah سبحانه وتعالى.
Kıyamet günü kâfirlere şöyle denir: "Ey Allah'ı inkâr edenler! Bugün (dünyada iken) üzerine olduğunuz inkâr ve masiyetlerden dolayı özür dilemeyin! Sizin özrünüz asla kabul edilmeyecektir. Sizler bugün ancak Allah'ı inkâr ve peygamberleri yalanlamak gibi dünyada iken işlemekte olduğunuz amellerinizin karşılığını çekeceksiniz."
Dikatakan kepada orang-orang kafir pada hari Kiamat, “Wahai orang-orang yang kafir kepada Allah! Janganlah kalian mengemukakan alasan pada hari ini terhadap kekufuran dan kemaksiatan yang telah kalian lakukan karena sekali-kali alasan kalian tidak akan diterima. Sesungguhnya pada hari ini kalian hanyalah diberi balasan karena kekufuran kalian kepada Allah dan pendustaan kalian terhadap rasul-rasul-Nya yang pernah kalian lakukan di dunia.
On dira aux mécréants le Jour de la Résurrection: Ô vous qui mécroyez en Allah, ne vous excusez pas aujourd’hui pour votre mécréance et vos péchés passés, car vos excuses ne seront pas acceptées. Ce Jour-là, vous ne serez rétribués que pour votre mécréance en Allah dans le bas monde et pour avoir traité Ses messagers de menteurs.
A los incrédulos se les dirá el día de la resurrección: ¡Ustedes que no han creído en Al-lah! No se excusen hoy por la incredulidad y los pecados que solían cometer, porque tales excusas no serán aceptadas. Hoy solo se les retribuirá por la incredulidad en Al‑lah, el rechazo de Sus Mensajeros, y sus acciones.
Verrà detto ai miscredenti, nel Giorno della Resurrezione: "O voi che rinnegate Allāh, non cercate quest'oggi una scusa per gli atti di miscredenza e i peccati che avete commesso; le vostre scuse non verranno accettate: in verità, in questo giorno sarete giudicati per aver rinnegato Allāh in vita e per aver smentito i Suoi messaggeri"
Sasabihin sa mga tagatangging sumampalataya sa Araw ng Pagbangon: "O mga tumangging sumampalataya kay Allāh, huwag kayong magdahi-dahilan sa Araw [na ito] dahil sa dating taglay ninyo na kawalang-pananampalataya at mga pagsuway sapagkat hindi tatanggapin ang mga dahi-dahilan ninyo. Gagantihan lamang kayo sa Araw na ito sa dati ninyong ginagawa sa Mundo na kawalang-pananampalataya kay Allāh at pagpapasinungaling sa mga sugo Niya."
Những người không có đức tin vào Ngày Sau sẽ được bảo rằng: Các ngươi chớ hầu chạy tội trong ngày hôm nay, các ngươi sẽ bị trừng trị thích đáng về những việc tội lỗi mà cá ngươi đã làm trên thế gian vì các ngươi đã phủ nhận Allah và sứ mạng của các Thiên Sứ của Ngài.
Ô vous qui croyez en Allah et œuvrez selon ce qu’Il vous a prescrit, repentez-vous sincèrement à Allah de vos péchés, afin que peut-être votre Seigneur les efface et vous fasse entrer le Jour de la Résurrection dans des vergers où des rivières coulent sous les palais et les arbres. Ce Jour-là, Allah épargnera l’ignominie –c’est-à-dire le Feu– au Prophète et à ceux qui, avec lui, ont cru. Leur lumière se répandra devant eux et sur leur droite sur le Pont Şirâṭ et ils diront: Ô notre Seigneur, parachève notre lumière afin que nous entrions enfin au Paradis et que nous ne soyons pas comme les hypocrites dont la lumière s’est éteinte sur le Pont Şirâṭ, et pardonne-nous nos péchés. Tu as pouvoir sur toute chose puisqu’il ne t’est pas impossible de parachever notre lumière et d’effacer nos péchés.
In the present world man has been kept in trial conditions and as such he is liable to commit errors. In compensation for this, he must turn towards God in repentance. In essence, true repentance comes from a sense of shame. If a man fully realises his mistake, he will feel ashamed, and this sense of shame will compel him not to indulge in such action in future. That is why a hadith says, ‘Being ashamed is repentance.’ A companion of the Prophet Muhammad said, ‘True repentance is a man turning towards God and then not repeating that action.’ Repentance has to be borne out by actions. It is not just the repetition of some words. ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib saw an individual who, after making a mistake, was simply repeating the words ‘tawbah, tawbah’. ‘Ali said that this was repentance of liars. True tawbah is the light of the Hereafter and false tawbah is the darkness of the Hereafter.
O vi koji vjerujete u Allaha i radite po Njegovim naredbama, pokajte se Allahu iskreno za vaše grijehe, kako bi Gospodar vaš pobrisao vaše loše postupke i uveo vas u džennetske vrtove ispod čijih dvorova i drveća teku rijeke, na dan kada Allah neće poniziti Vjerovjesika i one koji s njim vjeruju tako što ih neće uvesti u Vatru. Tog dana će svjetlo ići ispred njih i sa njihove desne strane, dok budu na sirat ćupriji. Oni će tada govoriti: Naš Gospodaru, upotpuni nam svjetlo kako bismo u Džennet ušli i ne daj da budemo kao licemjeri čije će se svjetlo ugasiti na sirat ćupriji. Oprosti nam naše grijehe, jer Ti možeš sve i ništa Te ne može zaustaviti da naše svjetlo upotpuniš i grijehe nam oprostiš.
Commentary
تُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّـهِ تَوْبَةً نَّصُوحًا (...turn to Allah with a faithful repentance...66:8). The word taubah, literally, means 'to turn' or 'to return', in the sense of turning or withdrawing from sins. In the terminology of the Qur'an and Sunnah, it signifies 'to regret committing sins in the past and to firmly resolve abstaining from them in future'. Taubah is qualified in the verse by the word نصوح nasuh. If it is taken as the infinitive of nasaha / nasihah, it signifies 'to make pure and sincere'; and if it be derived from nasahah, it signifies 'to repair clothes by sewing'. In terms of the first meaning, the expression nasuh signifies sincere/faithful [ repentance ], free from pretence and hypocrisy. In this interpretation, a sinner is required to regret the sins he has committed and give them up purely for the pleasure of Allah and for fear of Divine chastisement. In terms of the second meaning, nasuh would signify that 'the sinner is required to repair the torn clothes of righteous deeds'. Sayyidna Hasan Basri (رح) says that taubatan nasuha signifies that a person should regret his past evil actions, and make a firm resolve never to repeat them. Kalbi says the phrase taubatan nasuha signifies that a person should pray for pardon with his tongue, regret in his heart, and should prevent the limbs of his body from committing sins in the future.
Sayyidna ` Ali ؓ was asked as to what is 'taubah' and he replied that it consists of six elements: [ 1] to regret one's past evil deeds; [ 2] to carry out Divine duties that were missed; [ 3] to restore the rights that were usurped; [ 4] to ask forgiveness of a person who has been wronged by him physically or verbally; [ 5] to make a firm resolve of avoiding the sin in future; and [ 6] to consume one's self in obedience of Allah as one thus far consumed one's self in His disobedience. [ Mazhari ]. In fact, all of the conditions of 'taubah', put forward by Sayyidna ` Ali ؓ ، are recognized by all the scholars. However, some have described them concisely and others in details.
عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُكَفِّرَ عَنكُمْ (It is hoped from your Lord that he will write off your faults...66:8). The verb ` asa means 'it is hoped'. In this context, it purports to mean 'promise', but the expression of 'hope' is used to indicate that taubah or any other righteous deeds are not the just and equal price for the Paradise or the divine forgiveness. In fact, one compensation for man's good deeds has already been given to him in this world in the form of worldly blessings. Therefore, as regards the law of equality, it is not necessary that he is further compensated by the Jannah. It entirely depends on Divine grace and favour as is mentioned in a Hadith which says: 'Your actions alone cannot salvage you.' The Companions inquired: '0 Messenger of Allah, not even you?' He replied: 'No, not even me unless the Divine grace and mercy covers me.' [ Bukhari and Muslim as quoted by Mazhari ]
O those who have faith in Allah and act according to what He has legislated for them! Repent to Allah sincerely for your sins; Allah will erase your sins from your records and enter you into gardens on the, under the palaces and trees of which rivers flow, on the Day of Judgement: a day on which Allah will not humiliate the Prophet nor those who had faith with him, by entering them into the hellfire. Rather, their light will shine in front of them and their right sides on the Bridge, and they will be saying: “O our Lord! Perfect for us our light so that we can enter Paradise and not be like the hypocrites whose light dies out at the Bridge; and forgive our sins for us, because You are indeed, capable of everything. You are not incapable of perfecting our light and forgiving our sins.”
¡Aquellos que tienen fe en Al-lah y actúan conforme a lo que Él ha legislado para ellos! Arrepiéntanse sinceramente ante Al-lah por sus pecados; Al-lah borrará sus pecados de sus registros y los introducirá en jardines con palacios y árboles por los que fluyen ríos en el Día del Juicio: un día en el que Al-lah no avergonzará al Profeta ni a los que tuvieron fe en él, ingresándolos al infierno. Sino que su luz brillará frente a ellos y a su derecha en el Puente, y dirán: “¡Señor nuestro! Perfecciona para nosotros nuestra luz para que podamos entrar al Paraíso y no ser como los hipócritas, cuya luz se apaga en el Puente; y perdona nuestros pecados, porque ciertamente eres poderoso. Nada te impide perfeccionar nuestra luz y perdonar nuestros pecados”.
O mga sumampalataya kay Allāh at gumawa ayon sa isinabatas Niya para sa kanila, magbalik-loob kayo kay Allāh, mula sa mga pagkakasala ninyo, sa isang pagbabalik-loob na tapat. Marahil ang Panginoon ninyo ay magbubura para sa inyo ng mga masagwang gawa ninyo at magpapasok sa inyo sa mga hardin na dumadaloy mula sa ilalim ng mga palasyo ng mga ito ang mga ilog sa Araw ng Pagbangon, sa Araw na hindi mang-aaba si Allāh sa Propeta at hindi Siya mang-aaba sa mga sumampalataya kasama nito sa pamamagitan ng pagpapasok sa kanila sa Apoy. Ang liwanag nila ay sisinag sa harapan nila at sa mga kanang kamay nila sa Landasin, habang nagsasabi: "O Panginoon namin, buuhin Mo para sa amin ang liwanag namin hanggang sa makapasok kami sa Paraiso para hindi kami maging tulad ng mga mapagpaimbabaw na naaapula ang liwanag nila sa Landasin at magpatawad Ka sa amin sa mga pagkakasala namin; tunay na Ikaw sa bawat bagay ay May-kakayahan sapagkat hindi Ka nawawalang-kakayahan sa pagbuo ng liwanag namin at pagpapalampas sa mga pagkakasala namin."
Ey Allah'a iman edip, kendilerine gönderdiği din ile amel edenler! (Bir daha geri dönmemek üzere) Sadık bir tövbe ile Allah’a tövbe edin. Umulur ki Rabbiniz, günahlarınızı örter. Peygamberi ve onunla birlikte iman edenleri utandırmayacağı günde Allah sizi, kıyamet günü içlerinden ırmaklar akan cennetlere sokar. Nurları Sırat'ta önlerinden ve yanlarından koşar. Şöyle derler: "Rabbimiz! Bizim nurumuzu tamamla ki cennete girelim. Sırat'ta nurları sönen münafıklar gibi olmayalım. Bizim günahlarımızı bağışla. Şüphesiz sen her şeye gücü yetensin. Bizim nurumuzu tamamlamada ve günahlarımızı bağışlama da aciz değilsin."
O voi che credete in Allāh e che vi attenete alla Sua legge, pentitevi sinceramente dei vostri peccati dinanzi ad Allāh, nella speranza che il vostro Dio cancelli i vostri peccati e vi introduca nei Paradisi sotto i cui palazzi scorrono fiumi, nel Giorno della Resurrezione; quel Giorno, Allāh non umilierà il Profeta e coloro che hanno creduto assieme a lui, introducendoli nell'Inferno; la loro luce sarà davanti a loro e alla loro destra. Diranno, sul Ponte (Șirāt): "Dio nostro, completa la nostra luce finché non entreremo nel Paradiso, così da non essere come gli ipocriti, la cui luce si spegnerà quando saranno nel Ponte (Șirāt), e perdona i nostri peccati: in verità Tu sei L'Onnipotente, non Ti è impossibile completare la nostra luce e perdonare i nostri peccati".
8- Ey iman edenler! Nasûh/samimi bir tevbe ile Allah'a tevbe edin. Umulur ki Rabbiniz kötülüklerinizi örter ve sizi altlarından ırmaklar akan cennetlere sokar. O gün Allah, Peygamberi ve onunla beraber iman edenleri mahçub etmeyecektir. Onların nurları önlerinden ve sağlarından gidecektir. Onlar da şöyle diyecektir:“Rabbimiz! Bizim için nurumuzu tamamla ve bizi bağışla! Çünkü Sen her şeye kadirsin!”
8. Yüce Allah, bu âyet-i kerimede “nasûh tevbe”yi emretmekte ve bundan dolayı kötülükleri örtme, cennete girme ve kurtuluşa erme vaadinde bulunmaktadır.
Kıyamet gününde mü’minler imanların nurunun aydınlığında yürüyecekler, onun verdiği rahat ve huzurdan istifade edeceklerdir. Münâfıklara verilen nurların söndürüldüğünü gördükleri vakit korkacaklar ve Yüce Allah’tan nurlarını tamamlamasını dileyeceklerdir. Allah da onların dualarını kabul edecek, beraberlerindeki nur ve yakîn ile birlikte onları nimet dolu cennetlere, pek kerîm olan Rabbin komşuluğuna ulaştıracaktır. Bütün bunlar ise “nasûh tevbe”nin sonuçlarındandır.
Nasûh tevbe ise Allah için, Allah’ın rızasından başka bir şey gözetmeyerek, O’na yakınlaşmak maksadı ile ve bütün günahları kapsayacak şekilde yapılan kapsamlı bir tevbe olup bütün hallerde de bu tevbeyi sürdürmek demektir.
Wahai orang-orang yang beriman kepada Allah dan menjalankan syariat-Nya! Bertobatlah kalian kepada Allah dari dosa-dosa kalian dengan tobat yang jujur, semoga Tuhan kalian menghapuskan kesalahan-kesalahan kalian dan memasukkan kalian ke dalam surga-surga yang di bawah istana-istana dan pepohonannya mengalir sungai-sungai pada hari Kiamat, yaitu hari saat Allah tidak menghinakan Nabi dan orang-orang yang beriman bersamanya dengan memasukkan mereka ke dalam neraka. Cahaya mereka memandu di hadapan mereka dan di sebelah kanan mereka di atas sirat sembari mereka berkata, “Wahai Tuhan kami! Sempurnakan bagi kami cahaya kami hingga kami masuk surga, sehingga kami tidak seperti orang-orang munafik yang cahaya mereka padam di atas sirat. Ampunilah bagi kami dosa-dosa kami, sesungguhnya Engkau Mahakuasa atas segala sesuatu, tidak lemah dalam menyempurnakan cahaya kami dan menghapus dosa-dosa kami.”
Này hỡi những người tin tưởng Allah và luôn chấp hành theo giáo luật của Ngài! Các ngươi hãy quay về sám hối với Allah về những tội lỗi và trái lệnh của các ngươi, mong rằng Ngài sẽ xóa tội lỗi của các ngươi và thu nhận các ngươi vào Thiên Đàng của Ngài, nơi có những ngôi vườn bên dưới có các dòng sông chảy. Vào Ngày mà sẽ Ngài không trừng phạt Nabi và những người có đức tin cùng với Người bằng Hỏa Ngục, ánh sáng của họ sẽ tỏa sáng phía đằng trước và ở phía bên phải của họ, họ sẽ thưa: Lạy Thượng Đế, xin Ngài hãy hoàn thiện ánh sáng của bầy tôi để bầy tôi qua khỏi chiếc cầu Sirat mà đến được với Thiên Đàng, xin Ngài hãy tha thứ cho bầy tôi bởi quả thật Ngài là Đấng có quyền năng trên mọi thứ.
"Hai orang-orang yang beriman, bertaubatlah kepada Allah dengan taubat yang semurni-murninya, mudah-mudahan Rabb kamu akan menutupi kesalahan-kesalahanmu dan memasukkan kamu ke dalam surga yang mengalir di bawahnya sungai-sungai, pada hari ketika Allah tidak menghinakan Nabi dan orang-orang yang beriman bersama dengan dia; sedang cahaya mereka meman-car di hadapan dan di sebelah kanan mereka, sambil mereka menga-takan, 'Ya Rabb kami, sempurnakanlah bagi kami cahaya kami dan ampunilah kami; sesungguhnya Engkau Mahakuasa atas se-gala sesuatu'." (At-Tahrim: 8).
(8) Allah سبحانه وتعالى memerintahkan untuk bertaubat dengan sung-guh-sungguh dalam ayat ini, menjanjikan penghapusan kesalahan-kesalahan, dimasukkan ke dalam surga dan mendapatkan kebe-runtungan dan kemenangan pada saat orang-orang yang beriman berjalan dengan cahaya keimanan pada Hari Kiamat. Mereka me-nikmati rizki dan kenikmatan. Mereka berbelas kasih pada orang-orang munafik ketika cahaya mereka dipadamkan. Orang-orang Mukmin meminta agar cahaya mereka disempurnakan. Allah سبحانه وتعالى mengabulkan permintaan mereka dan Allah سبحانه وتعالى mengantarkan mereka beserta cahaya dan keyakinan yang ada pada diri mereka menuju surga penuh kenikmatan dan berada di dekat Rabb Yang Mahamulia. Ini semua adalah buah dari taubat yang sungguh-sungguh. Dan yang dimaksudkan adalah taubat secara umum, mencakup seluruh dosa yang dilakukan oleh hamba Allah سبحانه وتعالى yang hanya dilakukan semata-mata mengharap bertemu dengan Allah سبحانه وتعالى serta berada dekat denganNya. Taubat terus menerus dilakukan di seluruh hal-ihwalnya.
Ô Messager, lutte, contre les mécréants avec les armes et contre les hypocrites avec les arguments et l’exécution des peines de la Législation, et sois rude à leur égard afin qu’ils te redoutent. Le refuge où ils demeureront, le Jour de la Résurrection, sera l’Enfer et quelle mauvaise destination que la leur.
The Command for Jihad against the Disbelievers and the Hypocrites
Allah the Exalted orders His Messenger to perform Jihad against the disbelievers and hypocrites, the former with weapons and armaments and the later by establishing Allah's legislated penal code,
وَاغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ
(and be severe against them) meaning, in this life,
وَمَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ
(their abode will be Hell, and worst indeed is that destination.) that is, in the Hereafter.
The Disbeliever shall never benefit from His Believing Relative on the Day of Resurrection
Allah the exalted said,
ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلاً لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ
(Allah sets forth an example for those who disbelieve) meaning, the disbelievers who live together in this life with Muslims, their mixing and mingling with Muslims will not help the disbelievers, nor will it avail them with Allah, until and unless they gain faith in their hearts. Then Allah mentioned the parable, saying,
امْرَأَتَ نُوحٍ وَامْرَأَتَ لُوطٍ كَانَتَا تَحْتَ عَبْدَيْنِ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا صَـلِحَيْنِ
(the wife of Nuh and the wife of Lut. They were under two of our righteous servants,) means, they were the wives of two of Allah's Messengers and were their companions by day and night, eating with them and sleeping with them, as much as any marriage contains of interaction between spouses. However,
فَخَانَتَاهُمَا
(they both betrayed them.) meaning, in the faith, they did not adhere to the faith sent through their husbands nor accepted their message. Therefore, all the intimate knowledge of their husbands neither helped them nor prevented punishment, hence Allah's statement,
فَلَمْ يُغْنِينَا عَنْهُمَا مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً
(So, they availed them not against Allah) means, because their wives were disbelievers,
وَقِيلَ
(and it was said) meaning, to these wives,
ادْخُلاَ النَّارَ مَعَ الدَخِلِينَ
(Enter the Fire along with those who enter!) The part of the Ayah that reads,
فَخَانَتَاهُمَا
(but they both betrayed them) does not pertain to committing illegal sexual intercourse, but to refusing to accept the religion. Surely, the wives of the Prophets were immune from committing illegal sexual intercourse on account of the honor that Allah has granted His Prophets, as we explained in Surat An-Nur. Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "They betrayed them by not following their religion. The wife of Prophet Nuh used to expose his secrets, informing his oppressive people whenever any person embraced the faith with Nuh. As for the wife of Prophet Lut, she used to inform the people of the city (Sodom), who committed the awful sexual act (sodomy), whenever a guest was entertained by her husband." Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas said, "No wife of a Prophet ever committed adultery and fornication. Rather, they betrayed them by refusing to follow their religion." Similar was said by `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Ad-Dahhak and others.
O Poslaniče, protiv nevjernika bori se oružanim putem, a protiv licemjera riječima i provođenjem kazni. Budu strog prema njima, kako bi prema tebi iskazivali poštovanje. Njihovo prebivalište na Sudnjem danu bit će Džehennem, a to je zaista, ružno prebivalište i konačište u kojem će skončati.
¡Mensajero! Lucha contra los incrédulos que te combaten con la espada, y contra los hipócritas con tus palabras. Sé riguroso con ellos para que te respeten. La morada en la que terminarán el Día del Juicio será el infierno, y esa es una morada terrible.
Wahai Nabi! Perangilah orang-orang kafir dengan pedang, perangilah orang-orang munafik dengan lisan dan menegakkan hukum, dan bersikaplah keras terhadap mereka sehingga mereka takut kepadamu. Tempat kembali yang akan mereka datangi pada hari Kiamat adalah Jahanam. Seburuk-buruk tempat kembali adalah tempat kembali mereka, yang kepadanya mereka akan kembali.
Này hỡi Thiên Sứ, Ngươi hãy chiến đấu chống lại những kẻ phủ nhận đức tin một cách công khai, hãy giết chúng bằng lưỡi gươm, và hãy chiến đấu chống lại những kẻ phủ nhận đức tin một cách thầm kín, đó là những kẻ ngụy tạo đức tin, hãy thật nghiêm khắc với chúng đừng nương tay với chúng trong lúc Ngươi chiến đấu. Và quả thật, những kẻ đó, chúng chắc chắn sẽ bị đày vào trong Hỏa Ngục, một nơi tồi tệ nhất mà chúng phải quay về.
"Hai Nabi, perangilah orang-orang kafir dan orang-orang munafik dan bersikap keraslah terhadap mereka. Tempat mereka adalah Neraka Jahanam, dan itu adalah seburuk-buruk tempat kembali." (At-Tahrim: 9).
(9) Allah سبحانه وتعالى memerintahkan NabiNya a, untuk memerangi orang-orang kafir dan munafik serta bersikap kasar terhadap me-reka pada saat memerangi mereka. Ini mencakup berjihad melawan orang-orang kafir dan munafik dengan menegakkan hujjah, me-nyeru mereka dengan tutur kata yang baik, meruntuhkan berbagai kebatilan yang ada pada mereka serta memerangi dengan senjata bagi yang tidak menerima seruan Allah سبحانه وتعالى dan tidak tunduk pada hukumNya. Orang seperti ini harus diperangi dan diperlakukan secara kasar. Tingkatan pertama harus dengan menggunakan cara yang baik. Orang-orang kafir dan munafik ketika di dunia menda-patkan siksaan berupa kekuasaan RasulNya atas mereka serta ke-kuasaan golongan Allah سبحانه وتعالى atas mereka dan mereka juga diperangi. Di akhirat mereka mendapatkan siksa neraka, ﴾ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ﴿ "dan itu adalah seburuk-buruk tempat kembali." Ke tempat itulah semua orang sengsara dan rugi kembali.
O Messenger! Strive against the disbelievers with the sword, and against the hypocrites with your tongue and upholding the punishments. And be harsh against them so that they fear you. The abode they will end up in on the Day of Judgement is hell, and that abode is a very evil abode indeed.
O Sugo, makibaka ka sa mga tagatangging sumampalataya sa pamamagitan ng tabak at sa mga mapagpaimbabaw sa pamamagitan ng dila at pagpapatupad ng mga takdang parusa, at magpakatindi ka sa kanila upang magpakundangan sila sa iyo. Ang kanlungan nila na kakanlungan nila sa Araw ng Pagbangon ay ang Impiyerno. Kay sagwa bilang kahahantungan ang kahahantungan nila na uuwian nila!
Ey Peygamber! Kâfirlere ve münafıklara karşı kılıç, dil ve had cezaları uygulayarak cihat et ve onlara karşı sert ve çetin ol ki, senden korksunlar. Kıyamet günü onların varacakları yer cehennemdir. Onların varış yeri ne kötü bir varış yeridir.
9- Ey Peygamber! Kâfirlere ve münâfıklara karşı cihâd et ve onlara karşı sert ol! Onların yeri cehennemdir! O, ne kötü bir dönüş yeridir!
9. Yüce Allah, Peygamberine kâfir ve münâfıklara karşı cihad etmeyi ve bu hususta onlara karşı sert davranmayı emretmektedir.
Bu cihad, hem onlara karşı delil ortaya koymayı, hem onları güzel öğütlerle davet edip izlemekte oldukları türlü sapıklıkları çürütmeyi, hem de Allah’ın çağrısını kabul etmeyen ve hükmüne boyun eğmeyen kimselere karşı silahla savaşmayı kapsamaktadır. İşte davetten yüz çevirenlere karşı bu şekilde cihad edilir ve onlara sert davranılır. Birinci (davet) aşamasında ise en güzel yol hangisi ise o şekilde davranılır.
Kâfir ve münâfıklar için dünyada bir azap vardır. Bu da Allah’ın, Rasûlünü ve taraftarlarını onlara musallat etmesi ve onların da onlarla cihad etmeleridiri. Ahirette de onlar için ateş azabı vardır. Bu ise her bedbaht ve hüsrana uğramış kimsenin varacağı çok kötü bir âkıbettir.
Bunlar Yüce Allah’ın mü’minlere ve kâfirlere verdiği iki örnektir. Böylelikle Yüce Allah, onlara kâfirin mü’min ile ilişkisinin ve ona yakın olmasının, ona hiçbir fayda sağlayamayacağını, mü’minin kâfirle ilişkisinin de -görevlerini yerine getirmesi şartı ile- kendisine herhangi bir zararının olmayacağını açıklamaktadır.
Sanki bu buyruklarda Peygamber sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’in hanımları isyana yönelmekten sakındırılmakta, onların Peygamber sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem ile olan ilişki ve yakınlıklarının -kötülük işlemeleri halinde- kendilerine hiçbir fayda sağlamayacağına işaret edilmektedir. Yüce Allah şöyle buyurmaktadır:
O Messaggero, combatti i miscredenti con la spada e gli ipocriti con la parola, e applica le leggi e sii severo con loro, affinché ti rispettino. La dimora in cui finiranno, nel Giorno della Resurrezione, è l'Inferno: che infausto il loro destino!
Allah đã trình bày một thí dụ của những người vô đức tin vào Allah và các Thiên Sứ của Ngài - mặc dù họ có mối quan hệ thân thiết với người có đức tin nhưng không giúp ích gì được họ - về hai người vợ của hai vị Nabi Nuh và Nabi Lut. Hai người phụ nữ này là hai người vợ của hai vị Nô Lệ đức hạnh của Ngài nhưng hai người đó vẫn là những người vô đức tin chống đối lại con đường của Allah, cả hai ra sức giúp đỡ dân chúng vô đức tin của mình, cho nên mối quan hệ của hai người họ với Nuh và Lut chẳng thể giúp ích được gì. Và họ được bảo: Hai ngươi hãy cút vào Hỏa Ngục cùng với những kẻ hư đốn, vô đức tin đi.
Allah Teâlâ, Allah'ı ve peygamberlerini inkâr edenlere iki peygemberin eşleri olan Nuh'un karısı ile Lut’un karısını örnek olarak vermiştir. Peygamberlerin eşleriyle olan bağları eşlerine bir fayda vermemişti. İkisi de salih kullarımızdan olan iki peygamberin hanımları idiler. Allah'ın yolundan alıkoyarak ve kavimlerinden olan inkâr/küfür ehline yardım ederek kocalarına ihanet ettiler. O iki kadının, salih iki kul olan kimselerin karıları olmaları onlara bir fayda vermedi. O kadınlara şöyle denildi: "İnkâr eden kâfirler ve fasıklar topluluğu ile birlikte ateşe girin!"
Allah membuat perumpamaan bagi orang-orang yang kafir kepada Allah dan para rasul-Nya -bahwa hubungan mereka dengan orang-orang yang beriman tidak bermanfaat sedikit pun- dengan perumpamaan dua istri nabi, yaitu Nuh dan Lut. Kedua wanita itu adalah dua istri bagi dua hamba yang saleh, lalu mereka mengkhianati suami mereka dengan menghalang-halangi dari jalan Allah dan menolong orang-orang kafir dari kaum mereka berdua. Maka, kedudukan mereka sebagai istri dari hamba yang saleh ini tidak bermanfaat bagi mereka dan dikatakan kepada keduanya, “Masuklah ke dalam neraka bersama golongan orang-orang yang masuk ke dalamnya dari kalangan orang-orang kafir dan orang-orang yang fasik.”
Allah énonce une parabole à l’attention de ceux qui mécroient en Allah et en Ses messagers, afin de leur montrer que les liens de parenté qui les lient aux croyants ne leur sont bénéfiques en aucune manière. Ils sont ainsi tels les épouses des deux prophètes Noé et Loth, les épouses de deux serviteurs vertueux qu’elles ont trahis en détournant des gens de la voie d’Allah et par le soutien qu’elles apportaient aux mécréants de leurs peuples. Etre les épouses de ces deux serviteurs vertueux ne leur a été d’aucun secours et il leur fut dit: Entrez en Enfer parmi les mécréants et les pervers qui y entreront.
10- Allah, kâfirlere Nûh’un karısı ile Lût’un karısını misal verir: Bunların ikisi de kullarımızdan iki kulun nikâhı altında idiler. İkisi de kocalarına (din davalarında) hainlik ettiler de kocalarının Allah’a karşı kendilerine hiçbir faydaları olmadı. İkisine de:“Ateşe girenlerle beraber siz de girin!” dendi.
11- Allah iman edenlere de Firavun’un karısını misal verir: Hani o: “Rabbim! Benim için katında, cennette bir ev yap ve beni Firavun’dan ve onun amelinden kurtar. Beni bu zalim toplumdan kurtar” demişti.
12- Bir de iffetini koruyan İmrân kızı Meryem’i (müminlere misal verir). Biz ona ruhumuzdan üfürmüştük. O, Rabbinin kelimelerini de Kitaplarını da tasdik etmişti ve itaatkarlardandı.
10. “Allah, kâfirlere Nûh’un karısı ile Lût’un karısını misal verir. Bunların” bu kadınların “ikisi de kullarımızdan iki kulun” Nûh ve Lût’un -ikisine de selam olsun- nikâhı altında idiler. “İkisi de kocalarına” kocalarının dini üzere olmamakla din davalarında “hainlik ettiler.”Yoksa onların nesep ve namus noktasında bir hainlikleri kastedilmiş değildir. Çünkü hiçbir peygamberin hanımı, hayasızlık işlemiş değildir ve Allah hiçbir peygambere hayasızlık yapan bir eş vermemiştir.“Kocalarının” yani Nûh ve Lût’un “Allah’a karşı kendilerine” hanımlarına “hiçbir faydaları olmadı. İkisine de: Ateşe girenlerle beraber siz de girin, dendi.”
11. “Allah iman edenlere de Firavun’un karısını misal verir.” Adı, Muzâhim kızı Âsiye radıyallahu anha idi. “Hani o: “Rabbim! Benim için katında, cennette bir ev yap ve beni Firavun’dan ve onun amelinden kurtar. Beni bu zalim toplumdan kurtar” demişti.” Yüce Allah, bu buyrukları ile onu iman sahibi olmak, Rabbine yalvarıp yakarmak, en değerli şeyi Rabbinden dilemiş olmakla nitelendirmektedir ki bu da cennete girmek, şanı yüce kerim olan Rabbe komşu olmaktır.
Ayrıca o, Rabbinden kendisini Firavun’un fitnesinden, kötü amellerinden ve her bir zalimin fitnesinden korumasını da dilemişti. Yüce Allah da onun duasını kabul buyurarak kâmil bir iman ve tam bir sebat içerisinde, fitnelerden de kurtulmuş olarak yaşamasını takdir buyurdu.
Bundan dolayı Peygamber sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem şöyle buyurmuştur:“Erkeklerden pek çok kişi kemâle ermiştir. Kadınlardan ise yalnız İmran kızı Meryem, Muzâhim kızı Âsiye ve Huveylid kızı Hatice kemâle ermiştir. Âişe’nin diğer kadınlara üstünlüğü ise tiridin diğer yemeklere olan üstünlüğü gibidir.”
12. “Bir de iffetini koruyan İmrân kızı Meryem’i” misal verir. O, dininin kemâli, iffet ve nezahetinin üstünlüğü sebebi ile namusunu her türlü hayasızlıktan tam anlamı ile korumuştu.
"Biz ona ruhumuzdan üfürmüştük.” Cibril aleyhisselam gömleğinin yakasından üflemiş ve onun bu üflemesi, Meryem radıyallahu anha’ya ulaşmıştı. Ondan da pek kerim bir rasûl, pek büyük bir önder olan İsa aleyhisselam doğmuştu.
"O, Rabbinin kelimelerini de Kitaplarını da tasdik etmişti.” Bu, onun ilim ve marifet ile vasıflandırıldığını göstermektedir. Çünkü Allah’ın kelimelerini tasdik etmek, O’nun hem dinî buyruklarını, hem de kaderî hükümlerini tasdik etmeyi kapsar.
Kitaplarını tasdik etmek ise tasdikin kendisi ile gerçekleşeceği hususları bilmeyi de kapsar. Bu da ancak ilim ve amel ile olur. Bundan dolayı Yüce Allah:“itaatkarlardandı” buyurmaktadır. Yani gönülden, korku ve saygı ile boyun eğmek sureti ile Allah’a devamlı itaat edenlerdendi.
Bu da onun kemâl derecesinde amel vasfına sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. O -Allah ondan razı olsun- bir sıddîka idi. Sıddîklık ise ilim ve amelin kemâl derecesinde olması demektir.
Tahrîm Sûresi’nin tefsiri burada sona ermektedir. Allah'a hamdolsun.
***
Allah gives an example of those who disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger that their relationship with the believers will not benefit them in any condition: the example of the two wives of two of the prophets of Allah: the wives of Noah and Lot. For verily they were wives to two pious servants, but they deceived their husbands by preventing from the path of Allah and helping the people of disbelief from their nations. Their being wives of these two pious servants did not help them, and it will be said to them: “Enter into the hellfire amongst the disbelievers and transgressors entering it.”
Allah onima koji ne vjeruju u Njega i poslanike, navodi primjer u kojem se naglašava da njihova veza sa vjernicima ništa im neće biti od koristi. Taj primjer su supruge Allahovih vjerovjesnika Nuha i Luta, neka je na njih dvojicu mir i spas. One su bile supruge dva Allahova dobra roba, ali su ih iznevjerile, jer su odvraćale od Allahovog puta i pomagale nevjernike. Njima od koristi neće biti to što su bile supruge ta dva dobra roba, nego će im se na Sudnjem danu kazati: Uđite u Vatru zajedno sa onim nevjernicima i griješnicma koji će u nju ući.
Al-lah da un ejemplo a aquellos que no creen en Él y en Su Mensajero, respecto a que su relación con los creyentes no les beneficiará en ninguna condición. Es el ejemplo de las esposas de dos de los profetas de Al-lah: Noé y Lot. Ellas eran esposas de dos siervos piadosos, pero engañaron a sus esposos en el camino de llamar a la unicidad de Al-lah, y apoyando a la gente incrédula de sus naciones. El hecho de que fueran esposas de estos dos siervos piadosos no les ayudó, y se les dirá: “Entren en el Infierno junto con los incrédulos y los transgresores”.
ضَرَبَ اللَّـهُ مَثَلًا لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا امْرَأَتَ نُوحٍ ( Allah has cited for the disbelievers the example of the wife of Nuh (علیہ السلام) and the wife of Lut (علیہ السلام) ...66:10). Towards the end of this Surah, Allah has set forth examples of four women. The first example comprises two women who were the wives of two Holy Prophets (علیہما السلام) .
They, in matters of religion, opposed their husbands and secretly sided with the unbelievers and pagans. As a result, they ended up in the abyss of Hell, and their marital relation with the prophets could not save them from the punishment. The name of the wife of Nuh (علیہ السلام) is said to be Waghilah, while the name of the wife of Lut (علیہ السلام) is said to be Walihah. [ Qurtubi ] Some scholars have attributed other names to them.
The third woman is the one who was the wife of the Pharaoh, the worst disbeliever and claimant of godhead, but she believed in Musa (علیہ السلام) . She was given such a high rank by Allah that she was shown her place in the Paradise, right here in this world, and the infidelity of her husband did not prove to be an impediment in her achieving this high rank.
The fourth woman is Maryam (علیہا السلام) . She was not wife of anyone, but her faith and virtuous deeds earned for her such a high degree that she was invested with perfections of the prophets, even though she was not a prophet according to the majority of scholars. Verse [ 11] serves as a warning to the unbelievers who think that they will attain salvation merely by their companionship with believers, the good company will not rescue them in the Hereafter if they persist in their disbelief. So likewise, a disbeliever's disbelief will not harm a believing relative. Therefore, the auliyas' and ambiyas' wives should not carelessly take for granted that they will attain salvation on account of their husbands nor should the wife of a disbeliever think that his disbelief will harm her. Every person, man or woman, should be concerned about his/her own faith and action.
This means, ‘Take hypocrites severely to task.’ This is a regular permanent command. Elders and other responsible people should keep a watchful eye on all members of society, and if any Muslim adopts a wrong path, all possible efforts should be made to prevent him from doing so. Only such deeds as are performed by a man himself will have meaning in the eyes of God. Even having connections with saints or being related to pious people will be of no avail. Noah and Lot were prophets of God, but their wives had nevertheless formed strong ties with the enemies of Truth. Consequently, in spite of being the wives of prophets, they were held liable to be sent to hell.
Allāh diede un esempio a coloro che non credono in Allāh e nei Suoi messaggeri, chiarendo che il loro rapporto con i credenti non avrebbe loro giovato per nulla: due mogli dei profeti di Allāh, Nūħ e Lūţ, pace a loro, spose dei nostri devoti sudditi, tradirono i loro mariti ostacolando la Via di Allāh e sostenendo i miscredenti del loro popolo. Non fu loro utile essere mogli di questi due sudditi devoti e venne detto loro: "Entrate nell'Inferno assieme a tutti i miscredenti e i licenziosi che vi stanno entrando".
Naglahad si Allāh ng isang paghahalimbawa para sa mga tumangging sumampalataya sa Kanya at sa mga sugo Niya, na ang kaugnayan nila sa mga mananampalataya ay hindi magpapakinabang sa anumang kalagayan. [Ang paghahalimbawa ay] sa mga maybahay ng dalawang propetang kabilang sa mga propeta ni Allāh na sina Noe at ni Lot – sumakanilang dalawa ang pagbati ng kapayapaan. Ang dalawang babae noon ay mga maybahay ng dalawang lingkod na maaayos. Ngunit nagtaksil silang dalawa sa mga asawa nilang dalawa dahil sa ginagawa nilang dalawa noon na pagsagabal sa landas ni Allāh at pakikipag-adya sa mga alagad ng kawalang-pananampalataya kabilang sa mga kalipi nilang dalawa. Kaya hindi nagpakinabang sa kanilang dalawa ang kanilang pagiging mga maybahay para sa dalawang lingkod na maayos na ito. Sasabihin sa kanilang dalawa: "Pumasok kayong dalawa sa Apoy kabilang sa kabuuan ng mga papasok doon kabilang sa mga tagatangging sumampalataya at mga suwail."
"Allah membuat istri Nuh dan istri Luth sebagai perumpama-an bagi orang-orang kafir. Keduanya berada di bawah pengawasan dua orang hamba yang shalih di antara hamba-hamba Kami; lalu kedua istri itu berkhianat kepada kedua suaminya, maka kedua suaminya itu tiada dapat membantu mereka sedikitpun dari (siksa) Allah; dan dikatakan (kepada keduanya), 'Masuklah ke neraka bersama orang-orang yang masuk (neraka).' Dan Allah membuat istri Fir'aun perumpamaan bagi orang yang beriman, ketika ia berkata, 'Ya Rabbku, bangunlah untukku sebuah rumah di sisiMu dalam surga dan selamatkanlah aku dari Fir'aun dan perbuatan-nya dan selamatkanlah aku dari kaum yang zhalim.' Dan Maryam putri Imran yang memelihara kehormatannya, maka Kami tiupkan ke dalam rahimnya sebagian dari ruh (ciptaan) Kami; dan dia membenarkan kalimat Rabbnya dan Kitab-kitabNya; dan dia ter-masuk orang-orang yang taat." (At-Tahrim: 10-12).
(10) Kedua perumpamaan ini dibuat oleh Allah سبحانه وتعالى untuk orang-orang yang beriman dan orang-orang kafir adalah untuk menjelaskan kepada mereka bahwa hubungan dan kedekatan orang kafir dengan orang Mukmin sama sekali tidak berguna dan hubungan antara orang Mukmin dan orang kafir sama sekali tidak memudaratkannya apabila orang bersangkutan tetap menunaikan kewajibannya. Sepertinya dalam ayat ini terdapat isyarat dan pe-ringatan untuk para istri-istri Rasulullah a dari kemaksiatan, dan bahwa hubungan mereka dengan Rasulullah a tidak akan berguna bagi mereka jika mereka menyakiti beliau, seraya berfirman, ﴾ ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱمۡرَأَتَ نُوحٖ وَٱمۡرَأَتَ لُوطٖۖ كَانَتَا ﴿ "Allah membuat istri Nuh dan istri Luth perumpamaan bagi orang-orang kafir. Keduanya," maksudnya, kedua wanita itu, ﴾ تَحۡتَ عَبۡدَيۡنِ مِنۡ عِبَادِنَا صَٰلِحَيۡنِ ﴿ "berada di bawah penga-wasan dua orang hamba yang shalih di antara hamba-hamba Kami," yaitu Nabi Nuh dan Nabi Luth عليهما السلام, ﴾ فَخَانَتَاهُمَا ﴿ "lalu kedua istri itu ber-khianat kepada kedua suaminya" di dalam agama, karena keduanya tidak memeluk agama suami masing-masing.
Dan inilah yang dimaksud dengan pengkhianatan sebenar-nya, bukan pengkhianatan nasab maupun hubungan suami-istri, karena tidak ada satu pun istri nabi yang membangkang. Dan Allah سبحانه وتعالى tidak menjadikan seorang pun istri nabi melakukan kekejian. ﴾ فَلَمۡ يُغۡنِيَا ﴿ "Maka kedua suaminya itu tiada dapat membantu," yaitu Nuh dan Luth عليهما السلام, ﴾ عَنۡهُمَا ﴿ "mereka berdua," yakni kedua istrinya, ﴾ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـٔٗا وَقِيلَ ﴿ "sedikitpun dari (siksa) Allah, dan dikatakan (kepada keduanya)," yakni kepada kedua istrinya, ﴾ ٱدۡخُلَا ٱلنَّارَ مَعَ ٱلدَّٰخِلِينَ ﴿ "Masuklah ke neraka bersama orang-orang yang masuk (neraka)."
(11) ﴾ وَضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱمۡرَأَتَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ ﴿ "Dan Allah membuat istri Fir'aun perumpamaan bagi orang yang beriman," namanya Asia binti Muzahim i, ﴾ إِذۡ قَالَتۡ رَبِّ ٱبۡنِ لِي عِندَكَ بَيۡتٗا فِي ٱلۡجَنَّةِ وَنَجِّنِي مِن فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَعَمَلِهِۦ وَنَجِّنِي مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ﴿ "ketika ia berkata, 'Ya Rabbku, bangunlah untukku sebuah rumah di sisiMu dalam surga dan selamatkanlah aku dari Fir'aun dan perbuatannya dan selamatkanlah aku dari kaum yang zhalim'." Allah سبحانه وتعالى menyebutkan sifatnya sebagai sosok beriman, tunduk pada Rabbnya dan memohon permintaan tertinggi, yaitu masuk surga dan berada di dekat Rabb Yang Mahamulia serta memohon agar diselamatkan dari fitnah Fir'aun serta perbuatan-perbuatan busuk-nya serta fitnah semua orang yang zhalim. Dan Allah سبحانه وتعالى mengabul-kan permintaannya. Asia pun hidup dalam keimanan sempurna dan kokoh, serta selamat dari berbagai fitnah. Karena itu Rasulullah a bersabda,
كَمَلَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ كَثِيْرٌ، وَلَمْ يَكْمُلْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ، وَآسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ، وَخَدِيْجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ، وَفَضْلُ عَائِشَةَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ كَفَضْلِ الثَّرِيْدِ عَلَى سَائِرِ الطَّعَامِ.
"Banyak dari kalangan lelaki yang sempurna, dan yang sempurna dari kalangan wanita hanya Maryam binti Imran, Asia binti Muzahim dan Khadijah binti Khuwailid, dan keutamaan Aisyah atas seluruh wanita laksana keutamaan daging yang dibungkus adonan gandum (yang meru-pakan makanan paling berkelas kala itu) atas seluruh makanan."[123]
(12) Allah سبحانه وتعالى berfirman, ﴾ وَمَرۡيَمَ ٱبۡنَتَ عِمۡرَٰنَ ٱلَّتِيٓ أَحۡصَنَتۡ فَرۡجَهَا ﴿ "Dan Maryam putri Imran yang memelihara kehormatannya," yaitu menjaga-nya dari kekejian karena kesempurnaan agama, penjagaan diri, dan kesuciannya, ﴾ فَنَفَخۡنَا فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِنَا ﴿ "maka Kami tiupkan ke dalam rahimnya sebagian dari ruh (ciptaan) Kami," di mana Jibril عليه السلام me-niupkan ruh ke kerah bajunya dan tiupan itu sampai ke Maryam kemudian dari situ lahirlah Nabi Isa عليه السلام, sosok rasul mulia dan pemimpin besar. ﴾ وَصَدَّقَتۡ بِكَلِمَٰتِ رَبِّهَا وَكُتُبِهِۦ ﴿ "Dan dia membenarkan kalimat Rabbnya dan Kitab-kitabNya." Maryam memiliki sifat berilmu dan berpengetahuan, karena membenarkan kalimat Allah سبحانه وتعالى men-cakup Firman-firman agama dan takdir, sedangkan membenarkan kitab-kitabNya mengharuskan adanya pengetahuan yang bisa me-munculkan sikap pembenaran. Kedua hal ini tidak bisa dilakukan tanpa ilmu dan amal. Karena itu Allah سبحانه وتعالى berfirman, ﴾ وَكَانَتۡ مِنَ ٱلۡقَٰنِتِينَ ﴿ "Dan dia termasuk orang-orang yang taat," yaitu orang yang senantiasa taat kepada Allah سبحانه وتعالى dengan rasa takut dan khusyu.' Kesempurnaan amal inilah sifat Maryam. Dia adalah sosok yang membenarkan. Dan orang yang membenarkan itu memiliki kesempurnaan ilmu dan amal.
Selesai tafsir Surat at-Tahrim. Segala puji bagi Allah سبحانه وتعالى.
D’autre part, Allah énonce une parabole à l’attention de ceux qui croient en Allah et en Ses messagers, afin de leur montrer que les liens de parenté qui les lient aux mécréants ne leur sont pas préjudiciables et n’ont sur eux aucun impact tant qu’ils restent attachés à la vérité. Ils sont ainsi tels l’épouse de Pharaon qui dit: Ô mon Seigneur, construis-moi une maison auprès de Toi dans le Paradis et sauve-moi de la tyrannie, de l’emprise et des mauvaises œuvres de Pharaon. Sauve-moi également des gens qui sont injustes envers eux-mêmes lorsqu’ils suivent Pharaon dans sa tyrannie et son injustice.
Yüce Allah, Allah'a ve Allah'ın peygamberlerine iman edenlere ise Firavun’un karısını örnek vermiştir ki, inkâr edenler ile bağları olsa bile hak üzerinde istikamet üzere olmaya devam ettikleri sürece bu bağ onlara bir zarar vermez. Hani Firavun'un karısı şöyle demişti: "Rabbim, katındaki cennette benim için bir ev yap. Beni Firavun'un gücünden, aşırılığından ve onun kötü işlerinden koru ve beni zulmünde ve aşırılığında Firavun'a tabi olarak kendilerine zulmetmiş olan kimseler topluluğundan kurtar!"
And Allah also mentions an example to those who have faith in Him and His Messengers, that their connections with the disbelievers will not harm them or affect them as long as they remain steadfast upon the truth: the example of the wife of Pharaoh when she said: “O my Lord! Build a house for me near You in Paradise, and save me from the tyranny of Pharaoh, his might and his evil deeds; and save me also from the people who wrong themselves by following him in his transgression and oppression.”
ضَرَبَ اللَّـهُ مَثَلًا لِّلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا امْرَأَتَ فِرْعَوْنَ إِذْ قَالَتْ رَبِّ ابْنِ لِي عِندَكَ بَيْتًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ (And Allah has cited for the believers the example of the wife of Fir'aun (the Pharaoh), when she said, "My Lord, build for me, near You, a house in the Paradise...66:11) This is the example of the wife of Fir'aun (the Pharaoh) whose name was ` Asiyah bint Muzahim. When Musa (علیہ السلام) accomplished his task in defeating the sorcerers who embraced Mosaic faith, she too embraced the Mosaic faith and became a Muslim. Fir'aun ordered that she should be tortured severely and tormented harshly. According to some reports, her hands and feet were pegged with nails to the ground and a huge rock was placed on her chest, so that she might not be able to move. In this state she supplicated to Allah as mentioned in this verse. According to other reports, it was suggested that a huge rock be dropped on her. They had hardly dropped the rock and she prayed to Allah as quoted in the verse. Allah then showed Sayyidah 'Asiyah ؓ her house in Paradise, and while looking at this vision her soul departed. When the rock fell on her body, it was lifeless. [ Mazhari ].
Naglahad si Allāh ng isang paghahalimbawa, para sa mga sumampalataya sa Kanya at sa mga sugo Niya, na ang pagkakaugnay nila sa mga tagatangging sumampalataya ay hindi nakapipinsala sa kanila at hindi nakaaapekto sa kanila hanggat sila ay mga nananatiling matatag sa katotohanan sa anumang kalagayan. [Ang paghahalimbawa ay] sa maybahay ni Paraon nang nagsabi siya: "O Panginoon ko, magpatayo Ka para sa akin ng isang bahay sa piling Mo sa Paraiso. Paligtasin Mo ako laban sa paniniil ni Paraon, kapamahalaan niya, at mga gawain niyang masagwa. Paligtasin Mo ako laban sa mga taong tagalabag sa katarungan sa mga sarili nila dahil sa pakikipagsunuran nila sa kanya sa pagmamalabis niya at paglabag niya sa katarungan."
Sebaliknya, Allah membuat perumpamaan bagi orang-orang yang beriman kepada Allah dan para rasul-Nya -bahwa hubungan mereka dengan orang-orang kafir tidak membawa mudarat bagi mereka dan tidak berpengaruh pada mereka selama mereka tetap istikamah dalam kebenaran- dengan perumpamaan kondisi istri Firaun ketika ia berkata, “Wahai Tuhanku! Bangunkanlah bagiku satu rumah di sisi-Mu di surga dan selamatkan aku dari kekejaman Firaun, kekuasaannya, dan dari perbuatan jahatnya, serta selamatkanlah aku dari kaum yang menganiaya diri mereka sendiri dengan mengikuti Firaun dalam kejahatan dan kezalimannya.”
Và Allah đưa ra một thí dụ khác về những người có đức tin vào Allah và Thiên Sứ của Ngài, luôn sống và thi hành đúng theo sự Chỉ Đạo của Allah mặc dù phải sống cùng với những kẻ vô đức tin. Đó là thí dụ về người vợ của Fir’awn (Pharaon), bà ta là người phụ nữ đầy đức tin sống dưới quyền của một người vô đức tin và tàn bạo, bà ta vẫn giữ vững đức tin và luôn cầu nguyện Allah: Lạy Thượng Đế, xin Ngài hãy xây cho bề tôi một ngôi nhà nơi Thiên Đàng, xin Ngài giải thoát bề tôi khỏi quyền hành của Fir’awn và khỏi những hành vi tội lỗi của hắn, xin Ngài giải thoát bề tôi khỏi đám người lầm lạc và tội lỗi.
Al-lah también menciona un ejemplo para aquellos que creen en Él y en Sus Mensajeros, y establece que el parentesco con los incrédulos no los perjudica ni los afecta mientras permanezcan firmes en la verdad. Es el ejemplo de la esposa del Faraón cuando dijo: “¡Señor mío! Construye para mi una morada cerca de ti en el Paraíso, y sálvame de la tiranía del Faraón, su poder y sus obras abominables. Sálvame también de la gente que es injusta al seguirlo en su transgresión y opresión”.
A onima koji vjeruju u Allaha i Njegove poslanike, On navodi primjer u kojem se naglašava da im njihova rodbinska veza za nevjernicima neće štetiti sve dok su na pravome putu. Taj primjer je faraonovo supruga koja je kazala: O Gospodaru, sagradi mi kuću u Džennetu kod Sebe i spasi me faraonove vlasti i tiranije, te njegovih loših djela. Spasi me naroda koji sam sebi čini nepravdu jer slijedi faraona u njegovoj tiraniji i nasilju.
Allāh diede un esempio ai credenti tramite i Suoi messaggeri, chiarendo che il loro rapporto con i miscredenti non avrebbe arrecato loro alcun danno e non li avrebbe sviati finché si fossero mantenuti sulla Retta Via: la moglie del Faraone, quando disse: "O Dio mio, costruisci per me una casa presso di Te, nel Paradiso, e salvami dalla tirannia del Faraone, dalla sua autorità e dalle sue azioni nefande, e salvami dal popolo che fa torto a se stesso seguendolo nella sua tirannia e nella sua ingiustizia".
The Disbelievers can cause no Harm to the Believers
This is a parable that Allah made of the believers, in that, if they needed to, their association with the disbelievers will not harm them. Allah the Exalted said,
لاَّ يَتَّخِذِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْكَـفِرِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَىْءٍ إِلاَ أَن تَتَّقُواْ مِنْهُمْ تُقَـةً
(Let not the believers take the disbelievers as protecting friends instead of the believers, and whoever does that, will never be helped by Allah in any way, except you indeed fear a danger from them.) (3:28) Qatadah said, "Fir`awn was the most tyrannical among the people of the earth and the most disbelieving. By Allah! His wife was not affected by her husband's disbelief, because she obeyed her Lord. Therefore, let it be known that Allah is the Just Judge Who will not punish anyone except for their own sins." Ibn Jarir recorded that Sulayman said, "The wife of Fir`awn was tortured under the sun and when Fir`awn would finish the torture session, the angels would shade her with their wings. She was shown her house in Paradise." Ibn Jarir said that Al-Qasim bin Abi Bazzah said, "Fir`awn's wife used to ask, `Who prevailed' When she was told, `Musa and Harun prevailed', she said, `I believe in the Lord of Musa and Harun.' Fir`awn sent his aides to her and said to them, `Find the biggest stone. If she insists on keeping her faith, throw the stone on her, otherwise she is my wife. When they came to her, she looked up to the sky and was able to see her house in Paradise. She persisted on the faith and her soul was then captured. The stone was thrown on her lifeless body." This is the meaning of her statement,
رَبِّ ابْنِ لِى عِندَكَ بَيْتاً فِى الْجَنَّةِ وَنَجِّنِى مِن فِرْعَوْنَ وَعَمَلِهِ
(My Lord! Build for me a home with You in Paradise, and save me from Fir`awn and his work,) means, `deliver me from him, because I am innocent of his actions,'
وَنَجِّنِى مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّـلِمِينَ
(and save me from the people who are wrongdoers.) Her name was Asiyah bint Muzahim, may Allah be pleased with her. Allah said,
وَمَرْيَمَ ابْنَةَ عِمْرَانَ الَّتِى أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا
(And Maryam, the daughter of `Imran who guarded her chastity (private part).) meaning, who protected and purified her honor, by being chaste and free of immorality,
فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِنَا
(And We breathed into it (private part) through Our Ruh,) meaning, through the angel Jibril. Allah sent the angel Jibril to Maryam, and he came to her in the shape of a man in every respect. Allah commanded him to blow into a gap of her garment and that breath went into her womb through her private part; this is how `Isa was conceived. This is why Allah said here,
فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِنَا وَصَدَّقَتْ بِكَلِمَـتِ رَبَّهَا وَكُتُبِهِ
(And We breathed into it through Our Ruh, and she testified to the truth of her Lords Kalimat, and His Kutub,) meaning His decree and His legislation.
وَكَانَتْ مِنَ الْقَـنِتِينَ
(and she was of the Qanitin.) Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew four lines on the ground and said,
«أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَا؟»
(Do you know what these lines represent) They said, `Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said,
«أَفْضَلُ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ: خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ، وَفَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَمَرْيَمُ ابْنَةُ عِمْرَانَ، وَآسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْن»
(The best among the women of Paradise are Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, Fatimah bint Muhammad, Maryam bint `Imran and Asiyah bint Muzahim, wife of Fir`awn.) It is confirmed in the Two Sahihs from Abu Musa Al-Ash`ari that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«كَمُلَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ كَثِيرٌ وَلَمْ يَكْمُلْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا آسِيَةُ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ، وَمَرْيَمُ ابْنَةُ عِمْرَانَ، وَخَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ، وَإِنَّ فَضْلَ عَائِشَةَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ كَفَضْلِ الثَّرِيدِ عَلَى سَائِرِ الطَّعَام»
(Many men have reached the level of perfection, but none among women have reached this level except Asiyah -- Fir`awn's wife, Maryam--the daughter of `Imran, and Khadijah--the daughter of Khuwaylid. And no doubt, the superiority of `A'ishah to other women is like the superiority of Tharid to other meals.) In my book, Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah, I have mentioned these Hadiths using their various chains of narration in relating the story of Prophet `Isa and his mother Maryam, peace be upon them, all praise be to Allah. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Tahrim, all thanks and praise are due to Allah.
Allah énonce une autre parabole à l’attention de ceux qui croient en Allah et en Ses Messagers. Celle de Marie, la fille de ‘Imrân, qui préserva son intimité de la fornication et Allah ordonna à Gabriel d’y insuffler de Son esprit. Elle tomba alors enceinte, par le pouvoir d’Allah, de Jésus fils de Marie sans l’intervention d’un géniteur et crut aux Législations d’Allah, en Ses Livres révélés à Ses messagers et était du nombre de ceux qui obéissaient à Allah en se conformant à Ses commandements et en renonçant à Ses interdits.
Također, Allah navodi primjer vjernicima u Allaha i poslanike, Merjemu kćerku Imranovu koja se sačuvala bluda, pa je Allah naredio Džibrilu da u nju udahne, pa je ona Allahovom moći postala trudna i nosila Isa sina Merjemina, i to bez oca. Ona je također povjerovala u Allahov zakon i knjige koje je On objavljivao poslanicima, te je bila pokorna Allahu, sprovodeći Njegove naredbe i kloneći se Njegovih zabrana.
And Allah also mentions an example for those who have faith in Him and His Messengers, in the condition of Mary the daughter of ‘Imrān who safeguarded her private parts from fornication, so Allah commanded Gabriel to blow into her due to which she fell pregnant through the power of Allah with Jesus the son of Mary, without a father. She also believed in the religions of Allah and the books revealed to His Messengers, and she was obedient to Allah by fulfilling His commands and refraining from the things He did not allow.
Và Allah đưa ra một hình ảnh thí dụ về Maryam, con gái của 'Imran, bà là người phụ nữ đã giữ gìn trinh tiết, không bao giờ phạm vào chuyện dâm loạn. Do đó, Allah đã sai Đại Thiên Thần Jibril thổi vào người của bà và cái thổi đó đã đến nơi dạ con của bà và thế là bà mang thai Nabi Ysa mà không cần đến người cha. Bà đã tin tưởng những lời mặc khải của Thượng Đế của bà, bà luôn thực hiện theo giáo luật mà Ngài đã sắc lệnh cho bà, và quả thật bà là một người phụ nữ ngoan đạo và đức hạnh.
Allah juga membuat perumpamaan bagi orang-orang yang beriman kepada Allah dan para rasul-Nya dengan kondisi Maryam binti Imran yang telah menjaga kemaluannya dari zina, lalu Allah memerintahkan kepada Jibril untuk meniupkan ke dalam rahimnya, sehingga ia hamil dengan takdir Allah dan melahirkan Isa bin Maryam tanpa seorang ayah. Dia membenarkan syariat-syariat Allah dan kitab-kitab-Nya yang diturunkan kepada para rasul-Nya dan dia termasuk hamba yang taat kepada Allah dengan menjalankan segala perintah-Nya dan menahan diri dari yang dilarang oleh-Nya.
Yüce Allah, Allah'a ve Allah'ın peygamberlerine iman edenlere iffetini zinadan korumuş olan İmran'ın kızı Meryem'i de örnek gösterdi. Allah, Cebrail -aleyhisselam-a ona ruh üflemesini emretti. Allah'ın kudreti ile Meryem -aleyhisselam- babasız bir şekilde İsa'ya hamile kaldı. Meryem, Allah'ın hükümlerini ve peygamlerlerine indirmiş olduğu kitaplarını tasdik etti. O, emirlerini yerine getirip yasaklarından geri durarak Allah'a itaat edenlerden idi.
E Allāh diede un esempio a coloro che credono in Allāh e nei suoi messaggeri con la storia di Maryem, figlia di Imrān, che preservò le sue intimità dall'adulterio, e Allāh ordinò a Jibrīl di soffiare in esse, e così concepì ‘Īsā figlio di Maryem per decreto di Allāh, senza un padre, e si sottomise alle leggi di Allāh e ai Suoi Libri rivelati ai Suoi messaggeri, e fu una di coloro che obbediscono ad Allāh, seguendo i Suoi ordini e rispettando i Suoi divieti.
وَصَدَّقَتْ بِكَلِمَاتِ رَبِّهَا وَكُتُبِهِ (and she testified to the truth of the words of her Lord and His books, and she was one of the devout....66:12) The phrase 'Words of her Lord' refers to scriptures that were revealed to the Holy Prophets ﷺ . The word kutub [ Books ] refers to the well-known celestial books - Injil, Zabur and Torah. The concluding statement وَكَانَتْ مِنَ الْقَانِتِينَ (and she was one of the devout....66:12) describes the quality of Sayyidah Maryam (علیہا السلام) . The word qanitin is the plural of qanit and signifies 'devout and obedient'. Sayyidna Abu Musa (علیہ السلام) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whilst many men have attained spiritual perfection, among women only Sayyidah ` Asiyah ؓ ، wife of Fir'aun, and Sayyidah Maryam, daughter of ` Imran (علیہما السلام) ، achieved this perfection." [ Bukhari and Muslim as quoted by Mazhari ]. Apparently, 'perfection' in this context refers to 'characteristics of Prophethood'. Despite being a woman, she achieved them. [ Mazhari ]. And Allah knows best!
Al-hamdulillah
The Commentary on
Surah At-Tahrim
Ends here
Naglahad si Allāh ng isang paghahalimbawa, para sa mga sumampalataya sa Kanya at sa mga sugo Niya, sa kalagayan ni Maria na anak ni `Imrān, na nangalaga sa puri niya laban sa pangangalunya. Kaya nag-utos si Allāh kay Anghel Gabriel na umihip doon [sa bulsa ng baro ni Maria] kaya ipinagbuntis nito, dahil sa kakayahan ni Allāh, si Jesus na anak ni Maria, nang walang ama. Nagpatotoo si Maria sa mga batas ni Allāh at sa mga kasulatan Nito na ibinaba sa mga sugo Nito. Siya noon ay kabilang sa mga tumatalima kay Allāh sa pamamagitan ng pagsunod sa mga ipinag-uutos Niya at pag-iwas sa mga sinasaway Niya.
Pharaoh was an unbeliever and a tyrant. But his wife Asiyah, daughter of Muzahim was a woman of Faith and a doer of pious deeds. So when she kept herself on the right path, her husband’s wrong behaviour did not harm her. The husband was sent to hell and the wife found her place in the gardens of paradise. From childhood till her youth, Mary kept herself pure and she preserved her chastity. Therefore, God chose her to give birth as a virgin to a miraculous prophet. According to some traditions, the angel Gabriel blew on the front of her shirt, which made her pregnant and the Messiah was born.
Finalmente, Al-lah menciona un ejemplo para aquellos que creen en Él y Sus Mensajeros, respecto a la condición de María, la hija de ‘Imrán, que preservó su castidad, por lo que Al-lah le ordenó a Gabriel que insuflara en ella un espíritu creado por Él. Y por el poder de Al-lah, ella quedó embarazada y daría a luz a Jesús sin que tuviera un padre biológico. Ella también creía en las Palabras de Al-lah y en los Libros revelados a Sus Mensajeros, y fue obediente ante Al-lah al cumplir Sus mandamientos y abstenerse de las cosas que Él no permitía.
